(2022) CRS - Haiti: Political Conflict and U.S. Policy Overview
Summary — This report provides an overview of the political conflict and security crisis in Haiti, as well as U.S. policy towards the country. It discusses the political paralysis following the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse, the rise of gang violence, and the humanitarian situation. The report also outlines U.S. policy goals and congressional action related to Haiti.
Key Findings
- Political paralysis persists in Haiti following the assassination of President Moïse.
- Gang violence has escalated, with gangs controlling significant portions of Port-au-Prince.
- The humanitarian situation is dire, with a large percentage of the population in need of assistance.
- U.S. policy aims to support Haitian-led solutions, restore democratic institutions, and promote economic growth.
- Congress has enacted legislation and appropriated funds to support Haiti.
Full Description
This Congressional Research Service report examines the ongoing political conflict and security crisis in Haiti, focusing on the period following the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in July 2021. It details the political standoff between Prime Minister Ariel Henry's government and various political and civil society actors, including the Montana Group, and the failure to hold elections. The report also addresses the escalating gang violence, which threatens to overwhelm the government and exacerbate the humanitarian crisis, with gangs controlling significant portions of Port-au-Prince and hindering humanitarian access. Finally, it outlines U.S. policy goals in Haiti, including support for Haitian-led solutions, security assistance, and humanitarian aid, as well as congressional actions related to Haiti.