(2025) CRS - Haiti in Crisis: Developments Related to the Multinational Security Support Mission
Summary — This report analyzes the deteriorating political and security situation in Haiti in 2025, despite the deployment of the UN-authorized Multinational Security Support Mission (MSS). It examines the origins of the MSS, its current status, and U.S. policy towards Haiti, including congressional considerations.
Key Findings
- Haiti's security situation deteriorated in 2025 despite the MSS deployment.
- The MSS faces challenges including underfunding and understaffing.
- The TPC requested the MSS be transformed into a UN peacekeeping mission, but this is not considered feasible.
- The U.S. has pledged significant financial support to the MSS.
- Gang violence continues to be a major problem, with gangs controlling up to 90% of Port-au-Prince.
Full Description
The report focuses on the ongoing crisis in Haiti, specifically examining developments related to the Multinational Security Support Mission (MSS). Despite the deployment of the Kenya-led, UN-authorized MSS in 2024, Haiti's political and security situation has continued to worsen in 2025, with escalating gang violence and political instability. The report details the origins of the MSS, the challenges it faces, and the U.S. government's policy towards Haiti, including financial support and congressional considerations. It also highlights the debate surrounding the MSS's effectiveness and potential alternatives, such as a UN peacekeeping mission or a larger role for the Organization of American States.