Role of the Stakeholders of the Citadelle, Sans-Souci, Ramiers National Historic Park: Development Prospects and Sustainable Management

The article traces the history of the park, created by presidential order on August 29, 1978 and inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982. It covers 27 square kilometers across four communes of the Nord department and is home to more than 3,000 people. It records the Interministerial Management Committee created in August 2012 and the provisional Park Management Authority that came into being in October 2018 with support from the World Bank's PAST project.

The article identifies the main actors working in the park: guides, horse handlers, souvenir sellers and artisans, besides farmers and residents. A March 2022 survey by the Park Management Authority puts horse handlers at 31 percent, artisans at 26 percent, guides at 24 percent and souvenir sellers at 19 percent of these actors. The author concludes that the park needs an autonomous management structure, or one placed under the Ministry of Culture, to address insecurity, conflicts between neighborhoods, waste collection and pressure on the Citadelle, and recommends selective zoning for agrotourism and light infrastructure.