(2019) Haiti Enterprise Survey 2019: Implementation Report

The Haiti 2019 Enterprise Surveys Data Set I. Introduction This document provides additional information on the data collected in Haiti in October 2019. The objective of the Enterprise Survey is to gain an understanding of what firms experience in the private sector. As part of its strategic goal of building a climate for investment, job creation, and sustainable growth, the World Bank has promoted improving the business environment as a key strategy for development, which has led to a systematic effort in collecting enterprise data across countries. The Enterprise Surveys (ES) are an ongoing World Bank project in collecting both objective data based on firms’ experiences and enterprises’ perception of the environment in which they operate. The ES currently cover over 185,000 in 151 countries, of which 143 have been surveyed following a standard methodology. This allows for better comparisons across countries and across time. Data are used to create statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries. The ES are also used to build a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time and allow, for example, impact assessments of reforms. This report outlines and describes the sampling design of the data, the data set structure as well as additional information that may be useful when using the data. Note: Please read carefully through this document before using the data, as the security situation (often violent) directly impacted the ability of the interviewers to conduct interviews. The implication is that the Haiti ES required methodological adaptations that strictly speaking make the survey comparability to the other surveys implemented under the global methodology possible only under very stringent assumptions. For that matter, the survey and the associated indicators are not published in the ES website but the data is available in the portal. II. Sampling Structure Given the challenging security situation on the ground, the Haiti 2019 did not follow the standard methodology as the safety of the interviewers took precedence. As a result, the sampling was restricted only to certain parts of Port-au-Prince, where interviewers went to the field only during safe windows. The entire sample is composed of four communes in Port-au-Prince Arrondissement: • Port-au-Prince commune – where fieldwork was determined depending on the day and level of violence on that particular day. • Delmas commune – where fieldwork was determined depending on the day and level of violence on that particular day. 1 • • Pétion-Ville commune – which is considered one of the wealthier communes; fieldwork was conducted during the mornings before protesters make their way there. Tabarre commune – which was comparatively safer when no protests were planned. Because of safety concerns on the ground or during transit, the following communes in the Port-au-Prince Arrondissement were excluded from the sample: • Carrefour • Cité Soleil • Gressier • Kenscoff Following the standard methodological approach, the sample is comprised of businesses that employ 5 or more employees and have at least some private ownership. However, departing from the global methodology, some businesses in the professional and support services activities which are not part of the standard Universe of Inference of the ES were included in the Haiti survey. III. Sampling implementation Nordicity was the main contractor that implemented the Haiti 2019 ES. Attempts were made to obtain quality sampling frames. However due to the lack of reliable data, the sample frame was limited to listings of firms from three sources: UNOPS 2018, UNICEF 2018, and Haiti Business Database 2018. In addition, corrections to the sampling frame were made as interviewers were in the field and new businesses were found. The sampling strategy from the onset began by mapping the locations of the firms in the sampling frame and determining the safety situation. As safety windows appeared, interviewers would go to areas and try to screen and conduct the interview in the businesses. Breaking down by industry and size, the following sample targets were achieved: Table 1: Achieved Interviews Size Small (5-19) Medium (20-99) Large (100+) Total Manufacturing 30 12 3 45 2 Services 80 17 7 104 149 IV. Data Base Structure: The structure of the data base reflects the fact that 2 different versions of the survey instrument were used for all registered establishments. Questionnaires have common questions (core module) and respectfully additional manufacturing- and services-specific questions. The eligible manufacturing industries have been surveyed using the Manufacturing questionnaire (includes the core module, plus manufacturing specific questions). Retail firms have been interviewed using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module plus retail specific questions) and the residual eligible services have been covered using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module). Each variation of the questionnaire is identified by the index variable, a0. All variables are named using, first, the letter of each section and, second, the number of the variable within the section, i.e. a1 denotes section A, question 1 (some exceptions apply due to comparability reasons). Variable names preceded by the prefix “HT” indicate questions specific to Haiti, therefore, they may not be found in the implementation of the rollout in other countries. All other suffixed variables are global and are present in all country surveys over the world. All variables are numeric with the exception of those variables with an “x” at the end of their names. The suffix “x” denotes that the variable is alpha-numeric. There are 2 establishment identifiers, idstd and id. The first is a global unique identifier. The second is a country unique identifier. Some respondents answered the survey referring to fiscal year 2018, while the majority of the survey refers to fiscal year 2019. The fiscal year in Haiti runs from October to September 30. Variables a20m (starting month of last complete fiscal year) and a20y (last complete fiscal year) can be used to obtain the last complete fiscal year for each firm. For questions pertaining to monetary amounts, the unit is the Haitian Guard (HTG). V. Universe Estimates Universe estimates for the number of establishments in each cell in Haiti were produced using base weights from the sources of the sampling frames and the density of firms in each commune. VI. Weights The weights are constructed based on the location of the completed interviews, and the density of firms in the sampling frames. Since no stratification was used for the sampling, the only cells for stratification of the weights are the communes in order to account unsafe areas. VII. Appropriate use of the weights Given the non-randomness element introduced in the sampling due to safety concerns, users are cautioned about using the weights. While the weights scale-up to the available sampling frame, they are constructed only for the safe areas of Port-au-Prince. 3 Appendix A: Universe Estimate Based on Sampling Weights Size Small (5-19) Medium (20-99) Large (100+) Total Manufacturing 61 25 6 92 \ 4 Services 719 145 32 896 988