National Survey on Food and Nutrition Security Monitoring (ENSSAN), 2025 Edition

The 2025 National Survey on Food and Nutrition Security Monitoring (ENSSAN) was conducted by the National Coordination for Food Security (CNSA) to provide a rigorous, updated, and representative analysis of the food, nutritional, and socioeconomic situation of Haitian households. The survey, based on a sample of 6,550 households, reveals a deeply concerning situation: approximately 5.7 million people are currently experiencing high acute food insecurity (IPC Phases 3 or 4), with projections suggesting this number could reach 5.91 million in the projected period (March-June 2026) without adequate interventions.

Key findings highlight the extreme precarity of livelihoods, with 94% of the active population engaged in the informal sector, and 7.9% of households having lost at least one source of income. Vulnerabilities are particularly acute for female-headed households (48.9%), large households (average 4.6 people), and those hosting displaced or disabled persons. Access to basic services remains insufficient, with 41.5% of households not treating drinking water and 27.8% using unimproved sanitation. The report emphasizes the widespread reliance on debt (48.8% of households) to cope with shocks like illness, drought, insecurity, and rising food prices, further eroding resilience.

Agricultural performance is largely insufficient, with 46% of communes reporting below-normal yields. The report calls for integrated, targeted, and anticipatory responses combining emergency assistance, livelihood support, and improved basic services, with a strong gender-sensitive approach.