(2025-Q4) Quarterly Report on the Human Rights Situation in Haiti

[page 1] en = PNA En - ln: Li à 7 À SE UC cv D ANaics. EC s NT tar RENE , “de m “\ NATIONAL TeLECOR Vu HAS: oO. h' ? “où = A\ -Œ . À le \\ A 2 Géant 2 our +: | d | h ; d Mi? À À ; <= MS se Se 8 N j x LM / \ | A\A P o f À N LE | u. ü f ) \ j À ' Ye ‘% ss; _ 4 = \ # S Fe +4 d \ 2 L. À “) PHOTO: OUNSPLASH h ù — A "au 7 E : JU : es a! | QUARTERLY REPORT ON THE HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION IN HAITI ) United Nations \KE-Y2 Integrated Office in Haïti OCTOBER - DECEMBER 2025 [page 2] Main takeaways and recommendations .…............................................................... si ssssssseesseesreenesneeeeneeneeseeeneeseesnesneseeeeneesmessneesnses À 1 Violence and human rights violations... eee F 1.1. Dynamics of gang-related violence and their impact on human rights... 1.2. Dynamics of violence linked to self-defense groups and non-organized members of the population within the framework of the ‘Bwa Kalé’ movement... 11 1.3. Dynamics of violence linked to security forces’ operations and the excessive use of force 12 1.4. Public Prosecutor of Miragoäne....…............................ nn 14 1.5. Kidnappings.................................... NS nennnnnneneneeeeeeeneeneeeeeeneneeeeeeeeeeneneeeeeeeeennnee 14 1.6. Sexual violence... idees 14 1.7.Impact of violence and the exploitation of children by gangs... TS 1.8. Impact of gang violence on economic, social, and cultural rights... 16 2 Judicial system... nn 17 2.1. Functioning of the judicial system... seen Î7 2.2. Judicial proceedings concerning massacres and other serious human rights violations... 78 2.3. Judicial proceedings initiated for support to gangs and arms trafficking.…........................ T8 2.4. Fight against corruption... nn 10 2.5. Fight against sexual violence... nn 19 2.6. investigations into human rights violations committed by police officers…..................... 20 2.7. Conditions of detention in Haitian prisons... nn 20 2.8. International sanctions and legal proceedings abroad..….......................... ne QT 3. Support for national institutions and civil society... se 22 8.1. Support to public authorities sense 22 3.2. Support to the Gang Suppression Force... nn 2 3.3. Support for civil society organizations working in the field of protection... 28 3.4. Land tenure disputes... nn DA [page 3] To the Haïitian Government: :. Êe To the Haitian Government: _ re: és : To the Haitian Government: Ê N D 7 } NE À lÈ 7/78 To the Haitian Government: Le E 6 À To the Haitian Government: DORE KE | To the international community: To the international community: To States in the region: æ) United Nations \SSZ Integrated Office in Haiti [page 4] PEOPLE KILLED AND INJURED BETWEEN JANUARY AND DECEMBER 2025 El EM killed UM injured 3000 2500 2000 1708 1732 1500 1000 947 844 500 FE 0 Q12022 Q22022 Q32022 (Q42022 Q12023 Q22023 Q32023 Q42023 Q12024 Q22024 Q32024 Q42024 Q12025 Q22025 Q32025 Q42025 a} United Nations #21 Integrated Office in Haiti [page 5] 1. VIOLENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS Photo: © HRS According to the Human Rights Service (HRS) of the United Nations Integrated Office in Haïti (BINUH), between 1 October and 31 December 2025, at least 1,523 people were killed and 806 injured as a result of violence by gangs, self-defense groups and unorganized members of the population, as well as during security force operations. These figures bring the total number of people killed in 2025 to 5,915 and the number of people injured to 2,7082 Men account for 85 per cent of the victims, women 12 per cent, and children three per cent? As in the previous two quarters, the individuals killed and injured are attributable to the following dynamics: — 7 eee (2 = | TE PR: na TE D 'RPOE ee nr RE DES or gré RS Rs no © "LT FE “PE. d par HT a The vast majority of these incidents were documented in the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince FE SÈCE ne LE ) te ee SHEEE (ZMPP) (71 per cent), followed by the Artibonite department (24 per cent) and the Centre department D sr ee ss RSS Coprs LE Se (five per cent). k: FE < Lapir S mer pe nt PR ee Sexual violence perpetrated by armed gangs continued, with at least 301 survivors (280 women, 20 girls DSC en 7 À à PR = AUS and one boy) documented in October and November (latest data available). These cases were reported FA D TL : VA. ha TN a se Ÿ in the capital, Port-au-Prince, as well as in the Artibonite and Centre departments. In 2025, 1,753 cases ë D TA ne LS 2e Ë of gang-related sexual violence were documented. Geographical breakdown of killings and InJurIes [1] During the first quarter of 2025 (January-March), 1,621 people were killed and 580 others injured. During the second ARUR CE ci quarter of 2025 (April-June), 1,520 people were killed and 609 others injured. During the third quarter of 2025 (July- : É September), 1,251 people were killed and 713 injured. WESR———— ARTIBONITE É CENTRE [21] 5,915 people were killed (5,129 men, 638 women, 103 boys and 45 girls) and 2,708 people were injured (2,221 men, 419 TR: ee : : women, 48 boys and 20 girls) 0 == : [e) k VA [31 1,514 people were killed (1,322 men, 142 women, 36 boys and 14 girls) and 806 were injured (651 men, 132 women, 15 7 1 % Ss % i (e] boys and eight girls) [page 6] I. Violence and human rights violations At the same time, during this period, at least 156 people*were kidnapped for Main gang attacks during the last quarter of 2025 Ta ransom by gangs, including 61 per cent in the Artibonite department, 36 per cent in the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince, and three per cent in the Centre departmentS In addition, at least 647 kidnappings were documented in 2025 6 Furthermore, gangs continued to engage in the trafficking and exploitation of children, forcing them to participate in criminal activities. 1.1 DYNAMICS OF GANG-RELATED VIOLENCE AND THEIR IMPACT ON HUMAN RIGHTS As during the second and third quarters, gangs were largely confined to areas of the capital under their control and were unable to expand their grip to other neighbourhoods, notably due to operations conducted by the security forces, sometimes supported by self-defence groups. Nevertheless, as the authorities have not yet fully regained control of these neighbourhoods, the situation remains volatile, marked in particular by kidnappings. In areas under their control, gangs continued to kill individuals suspected of challenging their “authority” or of collaborating with the police or self-defense groups. They also continued extorting businesses, small traders, and drivers of public and private vehicles, including trucks transporting goods. Furthermore, they maintained restrictions on essential services, notably health care and West department: metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince education, and destroyed or ransacked property. ŸÇ\ Communes of Carrefour and Gressier In the Artibonite department, gangs continued to carry out indiscriminate attacks En aimed at consolidating or expanding their territorial control. Violence remained During the quarter, in the communes of Carrefour and Gressier, violence relatively limited in Arcahaie, Cabaret and Kenscoff (West department), as well as . . D: . “ in Mirebalais (Centre department) committed by the Ti Bois gang and the local Grand Ravine cell known as “103 NNIrEDA AIS (Centre deparment/. Zombies” resulted in at least 54 people killed (43 men, 10 women and one boy) and 35 others injured (23 men, 11 women and one girl). [4] 64 men, 76 women, nine boys and seven girls [5] 161 people were abducted during the first quarter of 2025; 185 during the second quarter; and 145 during the third quarter. [6] 374 men, 238 women, 21 boys et 14 girls Ga) United Nations #7 Integrated Office in Haiti [page 7] The members of gangs controlling these areas targeted residents who opposed ga Commune of Cité Soleil their criminal activities or who refused to pay “tolls” at “checkpoints” set up along ——————— National Road No. 2. They also attacked other gang members, notably following In the commune of Cité Soleil, the Belekou, Boston, Brooklyn, Simon Pelé and personal disputes or when they were suspected of having committed theft or Terre Noire gangs continued to use violence to tighten their grip over the other minor offences against members of the population. population. During the period under review, they killed at least 18 people (11 men, These victims were intercepted in various locations, including on the streets, Six women and one girl) and injured 21 others (14 men and seven women) for aboard public transport, inside their homes, or in local markets. Some were shot failing to comply with their rules, for opposing their criminal activities, or to . . . “punish” them for having committed offences such as theft. For example, on on the spot, while others were taken to isolated areas near the coastline, notably . . É to a location known as Jérusalem (Gressier), where they were shot and their December 30 in Drouillard, members of the Terre Noire gang stabbed a man and a . . . die woman to death because they had refused to let their bags be stolen. bodies burned with gasoline. In other cases, victims were taken to a building in Waney (Gressier), the residence of a Ti Bois gang leader known as “Ti Peter” In November and December, at least seven members of the population (four men, There, they were subjected to so-called “trials;" at the end of which some were two women and an eight-year-old girl) were killed and eight others injured (two “sentenced” to captivity and the payment of ‘fines’ while others were men, four women and two boys aged 16 and 17) by stray bullets fired during “sentenced” to death and executed. celebrations organized by the Belekou, Brooklyn, Simon Pelé and Terre Noire gangs. The victims were in the streets or inside their homes at the time of the , } incidents. ga Communes of Delmas and Port-au-Prince In Delmas and Port-au-Prince, the situation was marked by several dynamics of gang violence that resulted in at least 134 deaths (86 men, 29 women, 14 boys and five girls) and 77 injuries (48 men, 25 women and four boys). The first dynamic concerns a slight increase in confrontations between gangs that had remained occasional during previous quarters. First, on 22 November, the Grand Ravine and Village de Dieu gangs clashed over control of an illegal “checkpoint” in Martissant 7. The Grand Ravine gang claimed control on the grounds that the Village de Dieu gang already controlled another “checkpoint” in Martissant 1. These clashes resulted in at least seven deaths (all men) among gang members. Then, on 8 and 9 December, in Bel Air (Port-au-Prince), following clashes between, on the one hand, the Krache Dife and Tokyo gangs and, on the other, the Les Argentins gang, at least 86 people were killed (23 members of the population - including eight children, aged between 10 and 17 - and 63 gang members) and 11 others were injured (all gang members) / Among the members R : : [7] 86 dead (23 members of the population: three men, 12 women, four boys, and four (a) imegrated Office in Haiti me ad qu members: 42 men 11 women, and 10 boys) and 11 inured (all gang members: eight men and three boys). [page 8] of the population, ten people, including four children, were killed by stray bullets Finally, in La Saline (Port-au-Prince), as documented in previous periods, the gang while they were inside their homes. Four other children were killed when gang controlling the neighbourhood resorted to violence in the context of alleged members set their home on fire. These acts of violence were reportedly triggered vodou ceremonies. On 15 October 2025, a resident was beheaded in a “temple” following disagreements over the consequences of ransom kidnappings carried and used as a “sacrifice” during one of these ceremonies”. out by the Les Argentins gang in Delmas 31 and surrounding areas, as well as due to disputes related to the sharing of profits from lucrative criminal activities, 9 : notably extortion imposed on a lottery house in the Haut Bel Air neighbourhood. ue Commune of Croix-des-Bouquets The second dynamic revolves around acts of violence used by gangs as a means In Croix-des-Bouquets, as in previous quarters, violence perpetrated by the 400 of “punishment” against residents who had personal disputes with gang Mawozo and Canaan gangs remained limited. According to local sources, this members or who were suspected of collaborating with the police or self-defence situation reflects the total control these gangs exert over the population and the groups. In this context, at least 72 peoplefwere killed or injured. Among the fear they instill in this commune under their control. victims was a medicinal plant vendor from the Séradote market in Turgeau (Port- Between October and December, members of these gangs killed at least 26 au-Prince), who was killed and beheaded on 5 October in Delmas 19 (Delmas). people (25 men and one woman) and injured five others (two men and three She was known in the area for publicly denouncing the presence of gangs. women). The majority of those killed (24 victims) were attacked brutally, by The main perpetrators of these abuses were the Delmas 6, Grand Ravine and firearm or machete, on the basis of suspicions of collaboration with the police or Village de Dieu gangs and, to a lesser extent, those of Base Pilate, La Saline, Les simply for having kept on their phones videos of police operations conducted Argentins, Tokyo, Simon Pelé and Wharf Jérémie. against the gangs. The victims were captured inside their homes or in the street during checks carried out by the gangs. The bodies of the victims were often Indiscriminate shootings constituted another dynamic of violence, resulting in at mutilated or burned with gasoline least five people killed (three men and two women) and 11 others injured (eight men and three women). These incidents, documented on 8, 11 and 19 November, As for those injured, they were severely beaten with sticks, either following notably involved the Grand Ravine, Les Argentins and Village de Dieu gangs, in disputes with gang members or on accusations of involvement in theft or other Delmas 33 (Delmas) and in downtown Port-au-Prince. On 19 November, in minor offences. downtown Port-au-Prince, members of the Village de Dieu gang, pursued by police As in the rest of the capital, in Croix-des-Bouquets, confrontations between gangs units, fired at a public transport vehicle with the aim of disrupting the operation. . . ne . The attack injured at least nine passengers, including six men and three women remained occasional. Only one incident was documented, on 2 October, in ' ‘ Lilavois 38, following a dispute between the 400 Mawozo and Chen Mechan gangs over control of a “checkpoint”. One member of the population was injured by a stray bullet. [8] 27 people killed (23 men and four women) and 45 injured (28 men and 17 women) by the Wharf Jérémie gang (Port-au-Prince)”, available at [9] The most serious incident linked to alleged vodou practices was documented between 6 and https:/binuh.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/flash_report_20241223_wharf_jeremie_en.pdf 11 December 2024, when at least 207 people were killed on the orders of the leader of the Wharf Jérémie gang, who accused the victims of having resorted to vodou practices to cause the death of his son. For further details, see BINUH (December 2024), ), “207 people executed Ü [page 9] ga Communes of Pétion Ville and Tabarre The situation in the commune of Pétion-Ville remained generally calm, with three During the last quarter, at least seven attacks were carried out by the Village de incidents involving gangs resulting in the deaths of four men. A first case was Dieu gang, resulting in at least 22 people killed (12 men and 10 women) and four reported on 13 November in Montagne Noire, during which one man was shot injured (two men and two women). During these incidents, the victims were killed dead during a kidnapping carried out by the Village de Dieu gang. Two other while on their way to their fields or while inside their homes. According to local incidents occurred on 20 November and 3 December, in the areas of Cargo and sources, some attacks, notably those that occurred on 30 November and 1 Diègue, where the Kraze Baryè gang shot dead three men belonging to self- December, were reportedly carried out in retaliation for police operations defence groups in those areas. conducted a few days earlier. In Tabarre, although no victims linked to gang attacks were documented during the quarter, an incident occurred on 13 November, when several members of the ga Other communes in the West department: Léogäne and Arcahaie Kraze Baryè gang opened fire on the building of the United States Embassy, located in the Tabarre 41 neighbourhood. No casualties were reported10 In Léogâne, located south of the metropolitan area and exposed to the threat of gang expansion, the level of violence remained limited, with only one incident documented. On According to local sources, this low level of gang activity in Pétion-Ville and 10 December, the 703 Zombies and Ti Bois gangs carried out attacks against the localities Tabarre may be explained by the significant number of security force operations of Bosejou, Gran Plas, Kafoujan and Sisil. Their members fired indiscriminately at the that have weakened the gangs’ operational and financial capacities, particularly population, killing at least seven people (four men, two women and a 13-year-old girl) and that of the Kraze Baryè gang injuring two others (one man and one woman). They also set fire to five houses and kidnapped three people (two men and one woman). Mes Commune de Kenscoff Unlike the third quarter, during which the Canaan and Village de Dieu gangs carried out RE violent attacks in the commune of Arcahaie!Z no gang actions were documented there In Kenscoff, since the end of January 2025, despite sustained security during the period under review. However, gangs remained present in the area, as illustrated operations, the Grand Ravine and Village de Dieu gangs have taken control of by a police operation conducted on 17 December against the Canaan gang in Bercy, during several areas of this rural commune. which six gang members were killed. [10] The Washington Post (15 November 2025). “U.S. Marines in Haiti exchange gunfire with [12] These attacks resulted in at least 42 deaths (23 men, 13 women, four boys and two girls) suspected gang members”, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/national- and 25 injuries (17 women and eight men) among the population. In addition, at least 70 houses security/2025/11/15/marines-haïti-gangs/, citing a spokesperson for the United States Marine were set on fire. For further details, see BINUH (12 November 2025), “Quarterly Report on the Corps Human Rights Situation. July-September 2025", available at [11] In November and December, security operations were conducted notably in Torcel, Pernier, https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/report/quarterly- Thomassin and Planchet. They resulted in the deaths of at least 77 men, all belonging to the report-on-the-human-rights-situation-in-haiti/3Q-2025-Quarterly-report_EN_.pdf Kraze Baryè and Village de Dieu gangs. 3) United Nations (æ Integrated Office in Haïti [page 10] I. Violence and human rights violations Artibonite department Main gang attacks in the Artibonite department during the last quarter of 2025 Between October and December, and in continuity with previous quarters, human rights T 7 F nn | United Nations 4 g abuses linked to gang violence remained very high in the Artibonite department. At least @) Integrated ic W 7 a MR Mgr | 148 people were killed (120 men, 25 women, two boys and one girl) and 127 others were ÿ Éneus inoon tt TE À injured (94 men, 32 women and one girl) as a result of gang attacks. \ 8. The commune that recorded the highest number of victims was Liancourt (35 per cent), LL 7 SES NS followed by Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite (11 per cent), Montrouis (10 per cent), as well as 7 , £ foie ge ; Port-au-Prince? { lippes L'Estère and Verrettes (nine per cent each). eZ Syst | In these areas, attacks were carried out not only by local gangs - particularly those of S ? * AT TRT + Délugé, Grand Grif, Kokorat San Ras and Raboteau - but also by gangs based in the D L S capital, in particular the Canaan gang. NA AS as eme Unlike in the capital, where the majority of victims were targeted by gangs for having "20 ee” challenged their “authority,” in the Artibonite 75 per cent of those killed and injured were Legend Gonaïves ‘ re { victims of indiscriminate attacks. These incidents were documented during attacks on Areas Attacked A To ÈN —) localities, often late at night or at dawn - aimed at taking populations by surprise. During © Commune LR A Se these raids, residents were shot inside their homes or in the streets while attempting to … un uimie A F d ‘ommunes Limi { flee the violence. Others, particularly those belonging to self-defence groups, were killed [] artibonite 7 ]\ Saint-Michel de l'Atalayes, . Ù F2 mt during clashes. Areas targeted by: n CentreWVille de l'Estère Kokorat San Ras Gang . LI KS Grand Grif Gang Fe : ï N Attacks in Pont Sondé (Saint-Marc) a EE ARR Ce LA E Boulin Carrefour Laville Eù ,4 Descordes o Ondé 272 Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite “Saint-Marc CA CL © ds 1 ÿ Morisseaux Deffière-Ti’Éois Carrefour Estral LA es _ Pierre Payen a \ D. # me Gran Rivière 4/Desarmes f Æ N United Nations (by the United Nations. 10 15km {| V7 Integrated Office in Haiti [page 11] l. Violence and human rights violations At least 39 people (33 men, four women and two children) were also killed in Additionally, seven members of the Mirebalais Back-Up Feray self-defense group targeted attacks due to their alleged links with the security forces, for having were also killed or injured by gang members while they were supporting challenged gang “authority”, or during attempted kidnappings carried out inside operations of the Haitian National Police (HNP). their homes, in the streets, or while travelling along roadways By the end of December, the gangs had not succeeded in advancing toward Centre d rer Lascahobas, from where they could continue their advance toward the border with the Dominican Republic, located about 30 kilometers away. During the fourth quarter, eight people were killed (four men, two women and two boys) and four others were injured (all men) in the communes of Mirebalais and 1.2 DYNAMICS OF VIOLENCE LINKED TO SELF-DEFENSE GROUPS AND NON- Saut-d'Eau. This relatively low number of victims may be explained bythe fact ORGANIZED MEMBERS OF THE POPULATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF that since the 400 Mawozo and Canaan gangs took control of these THE “BWA KALÉ” MOVEMENT communes, the majority of the ——————— population has been displaced to Between October and December 2025, at least 102 people were killed and 41 other communes in the Artibonite others injured'? by self-defense groups or non-organized members of the and Centre departments. » ; TN population, bringing the total for 2025 to 676 killed and 76 injured!* Victims were In this regard, on October 13 and À HAS TT targeted either Pr qe ded ataon with gangs or for having committed November 26, five of these victims ET < common criminal offenses with no links to gangs. were killed by gang members while "4 Le The majority of cases recorded during the last quarter of 2025 occurred in the they were trying to return to their LR Attibonite department (77 percent), followed by the West department (16 . + AR. home, located in downtown à * À KE * percent) and the Centre department (4 percent). Mirebalais. Four of them belonged 4 | In some communes of the Artibonite and Centre departments, self-defense to the same family, including two =, . : Li: . . . . groups have become the only security structures still present, providing a certain children, and were killed with . . . 15 Los e té level of protection against gang attacks. Fifty-one percent'°of the individuals machetes. At least two other men =" \ : Le : Le D: k k De \ killed or injured by these groups, particularly those from Jean Denis, Piatre, the were killed during the two gang 3. “4. … no Lo . ’ coalition of self-defense groups of Lower Artibonite (Artibonite), and Back Up attacks documented in the area | Sn | : : : l . | Feray (Mirebalais), resulted from clashes with gangs. during the quarter, which took place | "# LANTA on 12 and 13 October in downtown Li 4 , Beyond interventions aimed at repelling gang attacks, self-defense groups and Mirebalais and in Piton Laville, members of the population acting within the framework of the “popular justice” another locality in the commune. Residents fleeing an attack carried out by the movement known as “Bwa Kalé” also committed killings of individuals suspected 400 Mawozo and Canaan gangs in Piton of belonging to gangs or collaborating with them, even though those individuals Laville on 12 October 2025 were neither armed nor involved in acts of violence at the time they were killed. [13] 102 people killed (101 men and one woman) and 41 others injured (all men) [141 676 people were killed (611 men, 63 women, one boy and one girl) and 76 others were injured (67 men, seven women, one boy and one girl) [151 43 men were killed and 32 injured (a) United Nations CZ Integrated Office in Haiti [page 12] For example, on October 21, a woman living in Sousson (Gressier) was According to HRS data, Victims during security forces apprehended inside her home by several members of the local population, who during the quarter, 13 operations against gangs accused her of being an informant for the 7103 Zombies group. She was then percent of those killed or taken to an isolated area of the same neighborhood along the seafront, where injured were members of she was severely beaten before being killed with stones and machetes. Her body the population not was subsequently burned with gasoline. associated with gangs, who Gang KY2 Total 13% Members of During the quarter, five caseS6 were documented in communes where gangs do were struck by stray bullets members 1,470 the population not operate, notably in the communes of Hinche (Centre department), Limonade or by drone explosions (North department), as well as Grand-Gosier, Jacmel, and Marigot (South-East while they were in their department). In these areas, three men were killed and one other injured by homes or in the streets. members of the population due to their alleged involvement in cattle theft or During the operations, three members of the Haitian National Police (HNP) were burglaries of homes and shops. killed and five others injured. One member of the Gang Suppression Force (GSF) was also injured. 1.3 DYNAMICS OF VIOLENCE LINKED TO SECURITY FORCE OPERATIONS AND . . . . . THE UNNECESSARY AND DISPROPORTIONATE USE OF FORCE In line with the trend observed since March 2025, two types of interventions were ———— carried out: on the one hand, ground operations, conducted in particular by During the last quarter of 2025, security force operations against gangs specialized units of the HNP; and on the other hand, operations involving the use continued in the communes of Cité Soleil, Croix-des-Bouquets, Delmas, Pétion- of explosive drones and aerial fire from helicopters, with the support of a private Ville, Port-au-Prince, and Tabarre. Operations were also conducted on the military company. outskirts of the capital, notably in the communes of Arcahale, Cabaret, and It is important to recall that any use of lethal force by law enforcement officers Kenscoff. Similarly, in the Artibonite department, police operations were deployed nn . . . k : . Te us k must always comply with international human rights law and respect the in L'Estère, Liancourt, Montrouis, Petite-Rivière de l'Artibonite, Saint-Marc, and Le . : : . De : Verrettes, as well as in Mirebalais, in the Centre department. principles of legal, necessity proportionalit, non-discrimination, precaution, É ' and accountability”. To date, the HRS has received no information indicating that During these operations, at least 917 people were killed and 462 others injured 17 the authorities have opened investigations to establish the circumstances and This brings the total number of people killed in 2025 to 3,225 and the number responsibilities relating to deaths and injuries caused during operations by the injured to 1,69318. Among these victims, at least 50 children were killed and 37 security forces and the private military company, including cases in which others injured!? children were affected. Eighty-five percent of the cases were documented in the West department, while the Artibonite and Centre departments recorded 10 percent and 5 percent respectively. [16] Four men killed and one other injured [19] This figure could be higher, particularly with regard to gang-affiliated children among the [171 917 people killed (856 men, 41 women, 17 boys, and three girls) and 462 others injured victims. This is due in particular to the HRS's limited field capacity, which does not allow for (403 men, 44 women, nine boys, and six girls) precise determination of the age of young individuals killed or injured during security operations. [18] 3,225 people killed (3,004 men, 171 women, 37 boys, and 13 girls) and 1,693 people injured [20] OHCHR (2020). “Guidance on less-lethal weapons in law enforcement”, available at (1,491 men, 165 women, 26 boys, and 11 girls) https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/HRBodies/CCPR/LLW_Guidance.pdf [page 13] Ground operations The HRS noted a significant expansion of this company's area of operations de ' compared with the previous quarter, during which its activities had been mainly During the quarter, at least 498 people were killed and 291 others injured”'during limited to Port-au-Prince and Kenscoff. New areas such as Cabaret and Pétion- ground operations carried out by the security forces, among whom were 147 Ville were targeted. members of the population, including 11 children 22 The areas where the highest number of victims among members of the population Summary executions were documented are Carrefour Drouillard and Carrefour Vincent (Cité Soleil), as well as Bel Air, La Saline, Martissant, Pacot, Portail Léogâne, Poste Marchande, Outside of security operations, persistent allegations of summary executions, or Turgeau, and downtown Port-au-Prince (Port-au-Prince). attempted summary executions, were documented in the capital and in the Artibonite and Centre departments, involving certain elements of specialized units DS of the HNP At least 58 people, including seven women and one girl, are alleged to 5 Ps L \ Pa LE have been victims of these executions24 In most cases, prior to being killed, these at < Le 2 —— individuals were arrested during patrols or at police checkpoints, questioned in 3 “ the street, and then executed on the spot. £ The HRS was able to establish that 43 percent of these incidents took place in SD L specific neighborhoods of the capital, such as Nan Rezèv (Carrefour), Carrefour Le Drouillard (Cité Soleil), between the Delmas 19 and Delmas 33 neighborhoods = : L "À (Delmas), the La Colline and Santo neighborhoods (Gressier), along the Pan- Mespone cl QT during American Highway (Pétion-Ville), and at Champs de Mars and Fort National (Port- an operation conducted on 30 December against k gangs in the Bel Air neighborhood (Port-au-Princé): au-Prince. se ARE md N, E In the Artibonite department, 24 percent of the executions were recorded in the ; "os areas of Pont Gaudin (commune of Gonaïves), the downtown area of the commune of Gros Morne, the downtown area of the commune of Petite-Rivière de LU Operations conducted using explosive drones and helicopters l'Artibonite, and Terre Noire (commune of Saint-Marc). A For the Centre department, which also recorded 24 percent of the incidents, the A foreign private military company continued to support the actions of the . . . . security forces by conducting operations involving the use of explosive drones as communes of Lascahobas (Flande) and Mirebalais (Difay) Were particularly well as gunfire from helicopters. affected. Finally, nine percent of the cases were documented in Cap-Haïitian and Limbé (North department), Fort-Liberté and Trou-du-Nord (North-East Among the people killed and injured during these operations, 32 were members of department), and Les Cayes and Saint-Louis-du-Sud (South department). the population, including two girls? [21] 498 people killed (452 men, 29 women, 15 boys, and two girls) and 291 others injured (255 [23] Among the 32 victims, 19 were killed (12 men, six women, and one girl) and 13 others were men, 30 women, four boys, and two girls) injured (two men, ten women, and one girl). [22] Among members of the population, 55 were killed (28 men, 22 women, three boys, and two [24] 58 people were killed (50 men, seven women, and one girl) and 11 others were injured (nine girls) and 92 were injured (57 men, 29 women, four boys, and two girls). men and two women). (æ) United Nations Integrated Office in Haïti [page 14] I. Violence and human rights violations 1.4 PUBLIC PROSECUTOR OF MIRAGOÂNE During the last quarter of 2025, no allegations of execution involving the Public In the Artibonite department, victims were most often kidnapped in their homes Prosecutor of Miragoâne, Jean Ernest Muscadin, were documented. during attacks on their localities, or while traveling in private vehicles or public transportation along the department's main roadways. 1.5 KIDNAPPINGS By contrast, the majority of kidnapping cases documented in the capital occurred Between 1 October and 31 December 2025, at least 156 people (64 men, 76 mainly between Delmas 18 and Delmas 33 (commune of Delmas), as well as in women, nine boys, and seven girls) were kidnapped for ransom by gang members, Carrefour-Feuilles, Christ Roi, and Lalue (Port-au-Prince), and involved the gangs bringing the total number of people kidnapped in 2025 to 6477 of Grand Ravine, Les Argentins, and Village de Dieu. Victims were intercepted while traveling to their workplace or while near their residences, suggesting that these kidnappings were planned and targeted. KIDNAPPINGS, 2025 In some circumstances, heavily armed gang members displayed extreme violence 120 during kidnappings, killing individuals who resisted. During the quarter, at least 17 100 people (16 men and one woman) were killed in this manner, and five others were injured (four men and one woman). 80 87 Similarly, victims whose families were unable to pay the demanded ransoms were s0 57 often killed. For example, on 14 October, the Canaan gang executed a woman who 40 had been kidnapped the previous day in downtown Mirebalais (Centre department) 2 because her family was unable to pay a ransom of 20,000 gourdes (USD 150). ll F] Gang members made a video call to her relatives during which they shot the 0 woman. The victim's body was subsequently burned with gasoline. JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC Sixty-one percent of these kidnappings were documented in the Artibonite 1.6 SEXUAL VIOLENCE department, 36 percent in the West department, and three percent in the Centre D | . . department Between October and November (latest available data), the Monitoring, Analysis … | and Reporting Mechanism (MARA) documented 301 victims (280 women, 20 These figures would represent only a portion of the total number of people girls, and one boy - some as young as ten years old) of sexual violence involving kidnapped. In many cases, victims’ relatives do not report the kidnappings to the gangs. At least five of these victims were killed after being raped. However, due police or to Service providers and instead choose to negotiate directly with gang to persistent reporting constraints, including fear of reprisals, social stigma, and members, believing that this approach allows for a faster release and helps avoid low trust in police and judicial institutions, only a limited number of victims report possible reprisals. these incidents. [25] 374 men, 238 women, 21 boys, and 14 girls (4) United Nations KEY Integrated Office in Haïti [page 15] Sexual violence, documented in areas under gang control, was characterized mainly by collective rape, often perpetrated by armed individuals during home intrusions or while victims were moving about in the streets. For example, on 7 and 10 November, four street vendors were raped by several armed members of the Village de Dieu gang in the Portail Léogâne and Fort Saint- Clair areas (Port-au-Prince), where the gang controls “checkpoints.” As the women crossed these checkpoints, they were intercepted, raped, and robbed of their belongings. Sexual violence is also used for purposes of exploitation or punishment against women and girls. For instance, on 28 October, in the Pandjanmen neighborhood (Gressier), a 19-year-old woman was raped by three members of the 103 Zombies gang and then killed with machetes as a form of “punishment” for being “unfaithful” to her partner, who was himself a gang member. Despite the serious difficulties Haïti faces in addressing the root causes of this The psychological, economic, and social consequences for the victims are problem, during the period under review national authorities and service providers, devastating. Some have also reported cases of unwanted pregnancies and HIV with the support of the United Nations and other international actors, continued transmission. their efforts to prevent children's involvement in gangs and to reintegrate those associated with them. 1.7 IMPACT OF VIOLENCE AND EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN BY GANGS Among these efforts, in the latter part of the year, a center located in Les Cayes D nn | 2 . (South Department) was handed over to the Institute of Social Welfare and Throughout 2025, the trafficking of children by gang$ or purposes of exploitation Research (IBESR), the public institution responsible for child protection. This and participation in criminal activities was a major concern for the HRS, due to the center includes a large rural site with several buildings, including residential profound and lasting consequences for the children and their families, as well as facilities for children as well as educational and medical structures. It has the for the future of the country. capacity to accommodate several dozen children and is intended to receive boys These children are forced to take part in violent activities, including kidnappings and girls from across the country, including from Port-au-Prince. However, as of and killings, which, while directly involving them in criminal acts, expose them the end of December 2025, the center was not yet operational, mainly due to from a very young age to repeated violence likely to result in severe long-term financial constraints and other logistical challenges. trauma. In addition, their recruitment by gangs directly exposes them to the risk of being killed or seriously injured during clashes with other gangs or in the course of operations conducted by the security forces. [26] According to the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in the removal of organs. In the case of persons under 18 years of age, it is not necessary to prove Persons, Especially Women and Children, trafficking is defined as the recruitment, the use of coercion or deception: any involvement for the purpose of exploitation constitutes an transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons through coercive or deceptive means act of trafficking. for the purpose of exploitation, including sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery, servitude, or (a) United Nations E KEY Integrated Office in Haiti [page 16] In addition, another shelter, supported by UNICEF and the HRS and located in Port- 1.8 IMPACT OF GANG VIOLENCE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL au-Prince, is fully operational. This center can accommodate up to 40 children, RIGHTS primarily for short stays of up to 90 days. During this period, children receive Te individualized psychosocial support, as well as rehabilitation and longer-term Throughout the fourth quarter, gang attacks continued to affect the populations reintegration services. enjoyment of economic, social, and cultural rights. At least 230 residences and other buildings, including at least two schools located in Turgeau (Port-au-Prince), were ransacked, set on fire, or destroyed by gangs. Eighty percent of these residences and buildings were located in the Artibonite DE. department. (D —;, If Freedom of movement and economic activities were also severely affected by Ce - gangs’ illegal activities, notably through the extortion of “taxes” imposed on on ° te o , private vehicles, public transportation, and goods vehicles at improvised j Hs: Ve [3 ; Ÿ “checkpoints” established along major roadways. DA . ù! ® mn << LA : 5 For example, at “checkpoints” set up by the 400 Mawozo gang in Croix-des- 4 nr mt 7 _. È Bouquets, minibus drivers are forced to pay 5,000 gourdes (approximately USD ls | Ten " ‘ d C° 4 30) to cross the area, while pickup trucks must pay 1,000 gourdes (approximately Fr a . K | de : M N ep) 4 USD 7). Some transport companies pay gangs on a weekly basis to avoid having 0 ( Le È ] _on er their trucks stop and pay at each checkpoint. Other aspects of daily life, ranging 1e 2 je 1@ KR En => É 2 : from commercial activities to religious services, have also been subjected to ed Le d st. ue À À à = ie extortion practices. For instance, in some gang-controlled areas, pastors have un à SNA LA e + | been forced to pay approximately 10,000 gourdes (around USD 80) for each - 7 ue Pau religious service. Educational space at IBESR, Port-au-Prince ES Source: HRS ! à Gang attacks have also continued to cause significant population displacement. ns According to the latest available data, more than 1.4 million people were displaced across the country by the end of 202527 These displacements are accompanied by urgent humanitarian needs, particularly in terms of food, health care, and shelter, despite ongoing humanitarian assistance. [27] International Organization for Migration (I0M) (September 2025). “Haiti - Report on the Situation of Internal Displacement in Haïti -— Round 11, available at https://dtm.iom.int/node/57231 (a) United Nations | VO 7 Integrated Office in Haiti [page 17] RE | — \ | Du VUS I (@) United Na Î ‘ _ During the fourth quarter, persistent constraints in terms of resources, capacity, CE Integratec 2 and institutional functioning remained an obstacle to combating corruption and to À [E } ECOLE me NE Va accountability efforts. Investigations into emblematic cases of serious human | DE LA É. : rights violations recorded no significant progress. Despite this context, some | MAGISTRATURE Re] positive actions were undertaken by judicial actors. L Rd C | | | | R Es dd 2.1 FUNCTIONING OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM | ans d'exISIENCen à +AL. EE n %c In October, the Superior Council of the Judiciary (CSPJ) made public the results of 1h DE! | | = ee Col its deliberations concerning the review of 112 case files of magistrates assessed ME : L. in = L by the Technical Certification Commission. At the conclusion of this process, 73 \ EE 5: Cie F:) magistrates were certified, 12 were not certified and were excluded from the \ NH | 1 r » \ Le Æ ps judicial system, while 27 case files were submitted for further review. Bo | : ’ N. C = L In mid-November, the functioning of the judiciary was severely disrupted by a | s Toyeux general strike launched by the Collective of Standing Magistrates of Haiti SES saire (COMADH), denouncing salary and treatment disparities between prosecutors and | Les judges. The collective is calling for the implementation of the Law of 27 ee on . po November 2007 on the status of the judiciary, with a view to harmonizing working é | > 4} = = + conditions. This strike continued despite dialogue efforts initiated by the Ministry sé rs — pe ‘ of Justice and Public Security. | - In December, two new courts of first instance were inaugurated in the North and x North-East departments, in Limbé and Ouanaminthe, strengthening access to , justice and bringing the total number of such courts nationwide to twenty. In addition, during the same month, the Council of Ministers adopted a decree postponing indefinitely the entry into force of the new Criminal Code and the Code : Li of Criminal Procedure, which had initially been scheduled for the end of 2025. Li | According to the authorities, this postponement is intended to prevent legal | uncertainty and to allow for adequate preparation of the judicial authorities. : ! ‘ | D | sé — | d > X\, United Nations L | é. _ A L ; PRTIDRS Integrated Office in Haiti 202 D A4 . [page 18] 2.2 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS CONCERNING MASSACRES AND OTHER SERIOUS the case in favor of 51 individuals implicated in the proceedings. The Court HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS reportedly identified serious procedural irregularities and shortcomings in the ES . . . . assessment of evidence, considering that the investigation had failed to exhaust During the period under TEVIEW, the HRS, the Office of the United Nations High all relevant lines of inquiry. Consequently, it ordered the appointment of a new Commissioner for Human Rights (CHCHR), and îhe United Nations Office on judge to resume the investigation, which will have to be entirely restarted from the Drugs and Crime (UNODC) continued to provide technical and financial support beginning. The Court also ordered the continued detention of the 21 individuals for the operationalization of the two specialized judicial units established by already incarcerated in connection with the case (including 17 Colombian decree in April 2025 to handle cases related to mass crimes, including sexual nationals) and requested judicial cooperation from the United States and Canada violence, and financial crimes. By the end of December, ten public prosecutors in order to obtain key testimonies. had been selected, while the appointment of judges and certain logistical arrangements, notably the allocation of a building to house the judicial units, were By contrast, no progress was made in the cases related to the Grand Ravine still ongoing. (2017), La Saline (2018), and Bel Air (2019) massacres. Similarly, with regard to us ES . the more recent Pont-Sondé massacre of October 2024, during which more than In 2025, the judicial investigation into the Wharf Jérémie massacre (2024), during 100 people were killed, no action had been taken by the judicial authorities of which at least 207 people were killed””, enabled the hearing of 17 witnesses, With Saint-Marc against the alleged perpetrators, despite complaints having been filed technical support from the HRS. However, since October, no new hearings have and the case having been referred to their jurisdiction, as it remains under been held, as the proceedings were suspended following the referral of the case investigation. back to the prosecutor's office in order to obtain the opinion of the Public Prosecutor on the issuance of arrest warrants against several identified alleged 2.3 JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS INITIATED FOR SUPPORT TO GANGS AND ARMS perpetrators. By the end of December, no arrests had been made. TRAFFICKING Some progress was also recorded in the case concerning the assassination of CS . H : . : Monferrier Dorval (2020), the former President of the Port-au-Prince Bar By the end of November, the Haitian authorities extradited three Haitian nationals Association. On 22 October, the Public Prosecutor officially filed the final to the United States in connection With a case related to the seizure of Weapons indictment before the investigating chamber against at least seven individuals. and ammunition In Belladère. The case dates back to March 2025, when a police However, no investigating judge had been assigned to the case, as the four judges operation led io the seizure of 36,000 rounds of ammunition, several magazines, previously designated had recused themselves. The Chief Judge of the Port-au- one weapon fitted with a silencer, and 23 firearms originating from Miami. Prince Court of First Instance will now have to appoint a new investigating judge Judicial proceedings continued in cases involving Profane Victor (a former to ensure the continuity of the investigation. member of parliament}”, a former director of the National Solid Waste Regarding the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in July 2021, on 13 Management Service (SNGRS), and a former director of the Social Assistance October the Port-au-Prince Court of Appeal annulled the decision of 25 January Fund (CAS). In December, îhe investigating judge referred the three suspects to 2024 issued by investigating judge Walther Wesser Voltaire, which had dismissed the criminal court sitting without a jury. According to a report by the Central Directorate of the Judicial Police (DCPJ), the accused were allegedly involved in transactions with gang leaders. [28] For further details, see BINUH and OHCHR (December 2024). “207 people executed by the [29] Profane Victor is subject to international sanctions imposed by the United Nations, Canada, Wharf Jérémie gang (Port-au-Prince), available at the United Kingdom, the European Union, and the United States due to his alleged involvement in https:/binuh.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/flash_report_20241223_wharf_jeremie_en.pdf supporting gangs in Haiti. (a) United Nations | Integrated Office in Haïti [page 19] Progress was also recorded in the investigations targeting former senator Nènèl them of producing and trafficking large quantities of marijuana in Haïti. The Cassy, in particular the announcement by the Public Prosecutor of Port-au-Prince judicial proceedings were ongoing at the end of December. that his judicial file Was being reconstructed following the disappearance of the The Anti-Corruption Unit (ULCC) also intensified its investigative activities, original case file, in connection with allegations of collusion with armed gangs. ue . Roo . . . submitting on 8 December eight reports implicating several high-ranking public However, no major progress was made in the case concerning the alleged officials, including a former President of the Republic, and calling for the initiation purchase of drones by gang members in the Dominican Republic. To date, 23 of of judicial proceedings. the 36 individuals implicated have been released by the prosecutors office On 17 December, the Presidential Transition Council adopted a decree establishing attached to the Port-au-Prince Court of First Instance. the organization and functioning of the High Court of Justice (as provided for in Similarly, no progress was noted in the “Miss Lily” case, opened in 2022 and Chapter V of the Constitution), with the aim of “strengthening the rule of law and related to arms and ammunition trafficking in Port-de-Paix (North-West combating impunity”. Following this decree, some human rights organizations department). The case file has remained with the Prosecutor's Office of the Port- expressed concern, viewing the initiative as an attempt to shield high-ranking state au-Prince Court of First Instance since June 2025, even though it should have officials from accountability, particularly in matters of corruption, as it removes been transferred to the Port-de-Paix Court of First Instance, the jurisdiction in cases involving these authorities from the jurisdiction of ordinary courts in favor of which the investigation should take place. a special court (the High Court of Justice) 30 No progress was recorded either in the arms trafficking case linked to the 25 FIGHT AGAINST SEXUAL VIOLENCE Episcopal Church of Haïti (2022). Although the Court of Appeal of Haïti reopened the case in mid-2025, annulling an earlier decision that had exonerated the Church and ordering the resumption of the investigation, seven suspects remain in During the quarter, the HRS continued monitoring the handling of sexual violence pretrial detention. complaints reported to police stations in the capital. In this regard, several sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) platforms, involving service providers as well, 2.4 FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION were established within the police stations. s . : Li As a result, according to the Haitian National Police (HNP), 145 cases of sexual everal emblematic cases of corruption and criminality saw notable . developments. and gender-based violence were reported to the police across the country, 84 percent of which involved incidents against children. Among these 145 cases, Notably, proceedings initiated against former senator Youri Latortue for alleged only three cases involving collective rape committed by gangs and one case of embezzlement of public funds continued before the competent courts. kidnapping accompanied by collective rape, reported in Mirebalais and Tabarre, In November, the DCPJ issued summonses to two Haitian businessmen as part of were officially recorded, highlighting the impact of fear of reprisals and social an investigation opened following the circulation, on 10 November of a video on Stigma on reporting such crimes when the perpetrators belong to gangs. social media in which Joseph Wilson, leader of the 400 Mawozo gang, accused [30] See, for instance, Vant Bèf Info (24 December 2025). “L'OCNH conteste le décret encadrant le fonctionnement de la Haute Cour de Justice”, available at https://vantbefinfo.com/locnh- conteste-le-decret-encadrant-le-fonctionnement-de-la-haute-cour-de-justice/ (a) United Nations | Integrated Office in Haïti [page 20] Il. Judicial system = 2.7 CONDITIONS OF DETENTION IN HAITIAN PRISONS EN | 7 As of 30 December 2025, 7,448 people were being held in Haiti's prisons (7,274 in = | 7 @ 4 September 2025). Individuals in pretrial detention continued to make up the (Où Ÿ Ho RS 4 » Si £, À. = majority of the prison population (82 percent, compared with 81 percent in the Creer Ü A “ff À # AR 2] 2"? «Ne + second quarter of 2025). Detention conditions in Haiti remain inhumane and à) flo, ES. 7 as & 1° 5 ct 4 {La degrading. In the fourth quarter of 2025, 31 detainees died, most of them due to SR ‘ NA Ja violence À " 2 lack of medical care, unsanitary cell conditions, insufficient food, and limited À : = | [ , access to drinking water. This brings the number of detainees who died in 2025 MO sexuelle à 4 \ 1 3 Ÿ \ b, \ É- ee. LU \ ? | to 134. PL Con || | Ent Ÿ AA HRS support session at the Pétion-Ville policesstation.to . \ ñ ) O t “à M j combatSexual violence, Noÿember 2025 Ÿ E Photo: © HRS S | LS 7 Ë 2 us \Rarme = #00 EN >. * M , 4 2.6 INVESTIGATIONS INTO HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS COMMITTED BY [YñË E l POLICE OFFICERS pa NX l'a During the quarter, through a dedicated information-sharing mechanism, the HRS (CD - j F 4 1 # transmitted to the General Inspectorate of the Haitian National Police (IGPNH) 48 CE 4 ; à | alleged cases of extrajudicial executions and attempted extrajudicial executions PR — = L involving members of the HNP in order to enable the continuation of F7 ÿ (} investigations and the adoption of appropriate measures. As these cases were NE F ‘ ; transmitted at the end of December, no investigations had been opened by the end 5 À \ F os of the quarter. He to & + : | dé Of the 222 alleged cases of extrajudicial executions and attempted extrajudicial nt i î À Ha executions transmitted to the IGPNH in 2025, none had been completed and Feu x nn 1 \ forwarded to the justice system. However, 174 of these 222 cases are the subject #2 a of ongoing investigations. | ‘4 Fe £ | 4 a " Le « à (+ United Nations Integrated Office in Haiti [page 21] In October and December, the HRS carried out visits to the prisons of Cap-Haitian, As of 31 December 2025, 35 individuals remained under sanctions by Canada, 20 Gonaïves, Hinche, and Port-au-Prince to assess compliance with human rights by the United States, ten by the United Kingdom, and 18 by the European Union standards. These visits enabled the monitoring and support of 88 detained (EU), for acts undermining peace, security, and stability in Haïti, as well as for minors. As of 30 December, five hearings held in Les Cayes, Gonaïves, and Port- serious human rights violations. In addition, ten individuals and two entities (Gran au-Prince resulted in the release of 16 children, who were placed in foster Grif gang and the Viv Ansanm coalition of gangs) remained subject to the United families, while follow-up for the remaining cases continues as part of efforts to Nations Security Council sanctions regime, which was extended in October*1. combat unlawful pretrial detention and to strengthen safeguards for children deprived of their liberty. During the quarter, 32 case files concerning 33 minors detained at CERMICOL were reconstructed by the judicial authorities, with the support of the HRS. These efforts led to the release of six minors, among those included in the 32 case files, following hearings held in October and November, while nine others were granted release decisions on 24 December, pending execution. The remaining cases are still under review by the judicial authorities. 2.8 INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ABROAD In November, the United States imposed targeted restrictions, including visa revocations, against several Haïitian figures accused of corruption and collusion with gangs, reportedly including political officials and members of the economic elite. Moreover, in December, the European Union (EU) sanctioned Michel Martelly, Youri Latortue, and Rony Célestin for their alleged roles in the financing and arming of gangs. The United Nations Security Council also sanctioned the Village de Dieu gang for its involvement in serious criminal activities, including violence, kidnappings, obstruction of humanitarian assistance, and arms and drug trafficking. 181] Canada : : https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2022-226/FullText.html; United Kingdom : United States : https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/; European Union : https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/686f89c92557debd867chf20/Haiti.pdf ; United https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/#/main/details/54,16/? Nations : https://scsanctions.un.org/fr/? search=%7B%22value®22:%22%22, %22searchType%22:%7B%7D%7D ; keywords=Haiti&_gl=1"14bp085* ga*MzUYMTUOODkzLjE20DAxMTMANDc.*_ga_TK9BQLSX7Z*M TcyOTA4MjkzMCA4SNYAxLjE3MjkwODMwMzMuMCAwLjA (a) United Nations [21 | Ê#2 Integrated Office in Haïti [page 22] æ CAN, United Nati ) rs ne Le During the quarter, the HRS continued to provide technical assistance to public institutions and civil de ET E society actors in order to strengthen their capacities in the protection of human rights and to contribute to reinforcing transparency and the rule of law. | CYILE CUS b_ 3.1. SUPPORT TO PUBLIC AUTHORITIES V = J NS d In support of the International Organization of La Francophonie (OIF) and RAID 32, the HRS À 4 à participated in a training course for officers of the Haitian National Police (HNP) aimed at Human Rights [SN Ÿ Strengthening their capacity to conduct anti-gang operations in compliance with international human “por es ‘| à rights law and applicable standards. More than 74 officers from specialized units, all men, were Ve NN | À = En . sensitized to issues related to human rights norms and standards, including the use of lethal force, À mn b PA \ Le ) j the treatment of children, and the protection of all persons not involved in acts of violence during 2 en 7 © Je: such operations. We AUS 21 10e integrate 1= \N j The HRS continued its support programme for the HNP in the areas of investigation and data a rights \\ (y ( * management related to sexual and gender-based violence. In November, in Cap-Haitian (Nord e the heart «« NN | DE À department) and Les Cayes (Sud department), 58 investigators and unit heads (34 men and 24 a of our | 4 n 7 l women) from seven departments were trained by Haïitian trainers, with the support of the HRS, on gecurity À TN 1 _ 4] techniques for investigating sexual violence, with a particular focus on incidents involving armed perstio"” = ÿ er L) gangs. In parallel, the HRS, in collaboration with the National Coordination Office for Women's 2 sr — RE de | , 4 Affairs and Gender Issues (CNAFQG), trained 59 police officers (34 men and 25 women) in the use of o Ex 7 \Ÿ N | | a digital tool developed with the HNP aimed at improving data reliability, case traceability, and the Ps aù \K ANT \ = integrated care of survivors of sexual violence. …" {ne VX \A\ VS A \\ \ S \\ ER \ à ; \ À ss ï À 3.2 SUPPORT TO THE GANG SUPPRESSION FORCE 4 EA A, si | ————— die nn | \ \ \ N + * 73 During the quarter, the HRS organized a training-of-trainers programme for instructors of the Gang Le ns | | \ LES ! ‘ > Suppression Force (GSF) 38 The training aimed to strengthen the knowledge and skills of 19 GSF _ \ \ JE © \ | à trainers (16 men and three women) in the planning, design, facilitation, implementation, and 8” e | | ven A e x f | evaluation of tailored and participatory training on law enforcement and human rights, including the = É er À \ \ fé \ \ À | / prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse. The objective was to enable participants to train other s \ en À | | —— 4 is | \ EX ù \ F | / IN [32] RAID (Research, Assistance, Intervention, Deterrence) is a specialized intervention unit of the French National ; ; D — ! Police. 4 x \ Y \ er, EL. … | [83] On 30 September, the United Nations Security Council authorized, through Resolution 2793, the deployment of an { L + à ‘a 4 \ — L, Anti-Gang Task Force (FRG), which is required to comply with human rights norms and standards in the conduct of its %£ _LrT À 4 (4 =. operations. This new force replaces the Multinational Security Support mission. . 5 a é ne a SN y | Fe) United Nations [22 | Photo: ©HRS ESS VNN N Rù Integrated Office in Haiti [page 23] members of the GSF on these same topics, in particular those to be deployed The HRS also provided technical and financial support to 38 youth organizations imminently to Forward Operating Bases (FOBs) located in areas outside the capital and in eight municipalities, supporting initiatives on human rights and community that are difficult to access. By the end of December, 69 per cent of GSF personnel had strengthening, including the rehabilitation of public spaces, dialogue with law received human rights training. enforcement, peace promotion, and the training of young women. In total, 2,600 In December, the HRS continued its engagement with community actors to strengthen people (1,299 men and 1,301 women) benefited from this support. the implementation of the GSF Complaints and Reporting Mechanism (CRM). Training In December, on the occasion of International Human Rights Day, the HRS sessions Were organized with a focus on risk assessment, trauma-sensitive supported a secondary school as well as five youth and academic organizations interviewing techniques, and the principles of “do no harm/ confidentiality, and in the implementation of awareness-raising, advocacy, and exchange activities, informed consent, in order to help identify potential victims of abuse committed by which brought together 554 participants in Port-au-Prince. These initiatives security forces and to support them in filing complaints. contributed to strengthening knowledge of human rights and promoting civic Between October and December, the HRS monitored nearly 40 operations conducted by participation, community dialogue, and youth engagement. Haïitian security forces with the support of the GSF. The findings from this monitoring were reviewed with the GSF leadership within the framework of a joint evaluation UK LHE Eu LE mechanism. Va # IR RS ‘ , 3.3 SUPPORT FOR CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS WORKING IN THE FIELD OF RSS SE Ki Ÿ | ee PROTECTION RRETRSS is NS Support to human rights defenders remained a major area of intervention during the SR : FSU mines ee quarter. In November, the HRS continued the implementation of its mentoring D LEE a dE SR programme, launched at the beginning of 2025, for 23 civil society organizations. These FF + LR I efforts helped improve the alignment of participating organizations with international L ma | F * : Ce | ch A standards on transparency and accountability, through sessions focused on project | M à Lai = JF ME | a # development and management, budget planning, strengthening administrative and 2 : = EN 4° Je LR LS \\"# a, Ex financial systems, and the adoption of key internal policies on accountability, fraud L y "Ka Dis Ë ETS 42% ZÀ prevention, and the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse (PSEA). \ SD T" ; mn à NN À Efforts to strengthen accountability and transparency within public institutions also < EE : Fa | 4 | 7 continued. In the Nord department, the HRS conducted follow-up and evaluation visits À se UE à ÉMEAU a À D} related to its social audit project implemented earlier in the year, in cooperation with the * “au-Prince), December 2025 ES A & Photo: © HRS Office for the Protection of Citizens (OPC). More than 160 local organizations across the STE Æ D BI LH N Ÿ country benefited from this project. | LN United Nati Kay inegrated Office in Haïti E [page 24] = Lé Building on similar initiatives carried out throughout the year in the capital and in the Sud department, the HRS organized a focus group in Gonaïves (Artibonite) during the last quarter of 2025. The discussion brought together 86 representatives of civil society and State representatives working on land disputes, or holding a professional mandate in this field, in order to document and examine existing endogenous land dispute resolution mechanisms with a view to informing future initiatives. hi p# De z a À SE 7 1 + = » North department, Haiti ; 1e, D ? 1 Photo: © HRS United Nations a S ê ‘ Integrated Office in Haiti rÉ 4 @ \ T Se 24 ‘