Repiblik d Ayiti: Nivo kritik ensekirite alimantè akòz gwo ensekirite ka vin pi mal

ISSN 2707-1723 4 June 2025 GIEWS Update The Republic of Haiti Critical levels of acute food insecurity likely to worsen amid heightened insecurity Highlights 🕘 Food insecurity has been steadily worsening since 2018, with a record 5.7 million people estimated to be facing high levels of food insecurity between March and June 2025 and more than 8 400 individuals in displacement camps facing IPC Phase 5 (Catastrophe) level. 🕘 Widespread gang violence is severely disrupting livelihoods and deteriorating food security by hindering agricultural production and impeding the transport of goods and access to markets. 🕘 The decline in national cereal production is expected to continue in 2025, further reducing local food supplies, keeping food prices high and undermining agricultural livelihoods. Record acute food insecurity level between March and June 2025 Acute food insecurity conditions have deteriorated steadily since 2018 and, following an upsurge in 7 Millions violence in 2024, they have reached a record level in 6 March–June 2025, driven by high food prices, limited 5 access to markets and low levels of agricultural 4 production. A multi-gang coalition, established in 2024, 3 continues to exert control over the local population, 2 exacerbating the economic downturn on the 1 backdrop of a fragile political transition. - Figure 1: Evolution of population classified in IPC Phase 3 or above (Crisis or worse) (September 2021–June 2025) 48%51% 44%48%44% Sep 21-Feb 22 Sep 22-Feb 23 Aug 23-Feb 24 Aug 24-Feb 25 Mar-Jun 25 According to the latest Integrated Food Security IPC 3 (Crisis) IPC 4 (Emergency) IPC 5 (Catastrophe) Projection Phase Classification (IPC) Projection Update,i about 5.7 million people are estimated to be facing high levels of acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3 or above [Crisis or worse]) between March and June 2025, the highest number in recent years (Figure 1). Over 2.1 million people are in IPC Phase 4 (Emergency). They are mainly located in the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince (MAPAP) as well as in parts of Artibonite, Ouest, Nord-Ouest, Sud, Sud‑Est, Nippes and Grand‑Anse departments (Map 1). The direst food insecurity conditions are recorded among people living in displacement camps in the Metropolitan Note: Percentages refer to the share of people classified in IPC Phase 3 (Crisis) and above, out of the population analysed Source: Author's own elaboration based on data from the IPC. 2025. The IPC Population Tracking Tool. Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC). Rome. [Accessed May 2025]. https://www.ipcinfo. org/ipc-country-analysis/population-tracking-tool/en/. Area of Port-au-Prince, where more than 8 400 people are classified in IPC Phase 5 (Catastrophe), showing an increase from 5 600 people between August 2024 and February 2025. This increase, along with the rising number of people in IPC Phase 4 (Emergency), is a clear indication of the urgent need for emergency and life‑saving assistance. GIEWS global information and early warning system on food and agriculture — ntry. Moreover, a large number of emergency food aid and population g violence ience support projects were suspended in the first quarter of 2025. Ouest HT05 Bas Plateau HT03 Ouest_HT01-La None Lake Peligre Armed gang violence DOMINICAN lysis. 5.7 M 19% 23% Gonave REPUBLIC een August 2024 and February 2025, nearly 977,000 Haitians received anitarian food assistance on a monthly basis—albeit with rations t of the 5.7 ced by between 25 and 50 per cent. This assistance has been crucial ed in Crisis 11.2 M Grande-anse HTO8+Jerémie Grande-anse HTO8+JerémieNippes HT01 Stressed Crisis PV2-Ouest HT07 Cite Soleil_TP Tabarre P+PT Port-au-Prince Etang Saumatre The recent intensification of especially in Port-au-Prince disrupt livelihoods and limit th reventing further deterioration into the most severe phases, particularly Population Croix de Bouquet ears—over Grande-anse analysed Nippes HT07+HT08 Nippes HT01 Emergency Petion-Ville Ouest and essential goods. ng urban and displaced populations with no access to livelihood Sud HT07 Sud HT08Grande-anse HT07 Nippes 26% atastrophic Catastrophe 32% More than half of the population in Haiti will likely ortunities due to insecurity. However, since March 2025, funding has no Nippes HT01 Ouest HT06 Ouest HT07+HT03 on people, er been guaranteed. C Phase 4 experience high levels of acute food insecurity —IPC Phase 3 or above—between March and June 2025. Sud Ville des Cayes Sud HT01 Sud-Est Sud-Est HT01 Sud-Est HT07 Sud-Est Economic shocks ple (32 per Map 1: Projection update for the IPC Acute Food Insecurity situation (March–June 2025) HT01 The combination of a shrinkin n the uncertainty surrounding funding and the IPC’s criteria for factoring Sud HT08 Projection update for the Acute Food Insecurity situation | March - June 2025 1 - Minimal into analysis, no humanitarian food assistance has been considered in update—just as in the projection made in August 2024. This update 0 50 100 km 2 - Stressed 1 - Minimal years, , low agricultural producaused by inflation nearing 30 t, and the ± 3 - Crisis ws an increase of more than 300,000 people in IPC Phase 3 compared placement, he current period (August 2024 to February 2025), and a deterioration Population Estimates in IPC Phase 3 or above | 2019 - 2025 Nord-ouest HT02 2 - Stressed KEY LEGEND 4 - Emergency 3 - Crisis 2025, and unemployment in b IPC Acute Food Insecurity Phase to figures ore than 100,000 people compared to the previous projection. This 1.04 million udes an increase in the IPC Phase 5 (Catastrophe) population in IDP 6 M Nord-ouest 3 - Crisis 4 - Emergency 5 - Catastrophe Nord-ouest HT02 5 - Famine 4 - Emergency Classification Areas with inadequate evidence 5 - Famine sectors has significantly limiteaccess to food. 5 M ease of 48 ps from 5,600 to 8,400 people. Sixteen zones are now classified in Nord-ouest Ville du Cap-Haitien (mapped Phase represents highest severity Areas not analysed Areas with inadequate evidence Poor infrastructure affecting at least 20% of the population) 1 - Minimal eholds into HT01 Nord Map Symbols 1 - Minimal se 4 (Emergency), up from fifteen in the previous analysis, following the of income assification of the Artibonite zone from Crisis to Emergency. The increase (Millions) disrupting e number of people in Phase 4 and Phase 5 is a clear indication of the 4 M Artibonite HT01+HT05+HT08 Nord HT02 Nord-Est Ouanaminthe Ville de Areas not analysed 1 - Minimal 2 - Stressed Urban settlement 2 - Stressed Map Symbols classification 3 - Crisis 2 - Stressed 3 - Crisis Urban settlement IDPs/other settlements classification 4 - Emergency 3 - Crisis 4 - Emergency The lingering impact of the 202to hinder the movement of fo 3 M agricultural nt need for immediate and life-saving assistance. CARIBBEAN SEA ly cover a 2 M anitarian assistance remains essential, and recovery efforts are urgently mic access Ville des Gonaives Artibonite HT03 Nord HT03 Nord- est HT02+HT03 classification IDPs/other settlements 5 - Famine 4 - Emergency 5 - Famine Area receives significant classification humanitarian food assistance 5 - Famine Areas with inadequate evidence Areas with inadequate evidence Area receives significant (accounted for in Phase classification) Catastrophe Areas not analysed Areas not analysed as damaged infrastructure remsupply chains and humanitaria ded to stem the decline in food and nutritional security, particularly ces and an 1 M isplacement camps and the Artibonite HT01 region. Haiti’s economy f declining aracterised by extreme poverty, high levels of informal employment, rest of the 0 Artibonite HT04 Artibonite H A I T I Artibonite HT01+HT05+HT08 Haut Plateau HT04 Centre Areas with inadequate evidence humanitarian food assistance > 25% of households meet 25-50% (accounted for in Phase classification) of caloric needs through assistance Map Symbols Areas not analysed Map Symbols > 25% of households meet 25-50% Urban settlement > 25% of households meet > 50% Urban settlement of caloric needs through assistance Recommended Actions Map Symbols classification classification of caloric needs through assistance > 25% of households meet > 50% IDPs/other settlements Urban settlement IDPs/other settlements Evidence Level classification of caloric needs through assistance classification vulnerability to natural disasters. Political instability and violence further population Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun classification Acceptable IDPs/other settlements Area receives significant Evidence Level Medium Area receives significant Emergency assistance 2019 2020 2021 2021 2022 2023 Lake Peligre ****** classification per development. It remains the poorest country in the Western Ouest HT05 2023 2024 2024 2025 humanitarian food assistance High er of 2025. Bas Plateau HT03 Ouest_HT01-La DOMINICAN Acceptable humanitarian food assistance (accounted for in Phase classification) Scarce evidence due to limited or Gonave ****** Medium isphere, with a significant portion of the population living below the ns received erty line and relying on subsistence farming. PV2-Ouest HT07 REPUBLIC (accounted for in Phase classification) Area receives significant no humanitarian access > 25% of households meet 25-50% High humanitarian food assistance > 25% of households meet 25-50% of caloric needs through assistance Scarce evidence due to limited or (accounted for in Phase classification) Given the severity of food ins Publication date: 14 April 2025. Demographic data is based on the Haitian Institute of Statistics and Informatics (IHSI). | Feedback: IPC@FAO.org | ith rations of caloric needs through assistance no humanitarian access > 25% of households meet > 50% 4 and 5, immediate emergenc > 25% of households meet 25-50% Disclaimer: The information shown on this map does not imply official recognition or endorsement of physical or political boundaries. een crucial Grande-anse HTO8+Jerémie Grande-anse HTO8+Jerémie Nippes HT01 Cite Soleil_TP Tabarre P+PT Port-au-Prince Etang Saumatre > 25% of households meet > 50% of caloric needs through assistance of caloric needs through assistance should prioritise the poores of caloric needs through assistance particularly Croix de Bouquet Petion-Ville Evidence Level > 25% of households meet > 50% Evidence Level Acceptable urgent food needs, save lives, a Grande-anse Nippes HT07+HT08 Nippes HT01 Ouest ****** of caloric needs through assistance Medium Acceptable livelihood Sud HT07 Sud HT08Grande-anse HT07 Nippes High Medium Evidence Level of livelihoods and income sou ing has no or factoring nsidered in his update compared Sud Ville des Cayes 0 50 100km Nippes HT01 Sud HT08 Sud HT01 Ouest HT06 Ouest HT07+HT03 Sud-Est HT01 Sud-Est HT07 Sud-Est 1 - Minimal 2 - Stressed 1 - Minimal 3 - Crisis 2 - Stressed ****** ****** Sud-Est HT01 Scarce evidence due to limited or High Acceptable no humanitarian access Scarce evidence due to limited or Medium no humanitarian access High Scarce evidence due to limited or no humanitarian access Livelihood support Households affected by repeatsupport to rebuild their liveliinclude providing agricultural Population Estimates in IPC Phase 3 or above | 2019 - 2025 KEY LEGEND Source: IPC. 2025. HAITI : IPC Acute Food Insecurity Snapshot, March–June 2025. Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC). Rome. 14 April 2025. eterioration 4 - Emergency 3 - Crisis IPC Acute Food Insecurity Phase https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Haiti_Acute_Food_Insecurity_Mar_Jun2025_Snapshot_English.pdf. rural credit, and tools to b ction. This tion in IDP lassified in llowing the 6 M 3 - Crisis 4 - Emergency 5 - Catastrophe 5 M 4 M 5 - Famine 4 - Emergency Classification Areas with inadequate evidence 5 - Famine (mapped Phase represents highest severity Areas not analysed Areas with inadequate evidence affecting at least 20% of the population) 1 - Minimal Map Symbols 1 - Minimal Areas not analysed 1 - Minimal 2 - Stressed Urban settlement 2 - Stressed support the 2025 spring seasogenerating activities. Resilience building he increase tion of the The latest assessment by the International (Millions) Map Symbols control over airports, ports, borders and main roads classification 3 - Crisis 2 - Stressed 3 - Crisis Urban settlement IDPs/other settlements classification 4 - Emergency 3 - Crisis 4 - Emergency 3 M classification Ensuring long-term food s Organization for Migration (IOM)ii estimates that further deteriorated living conditions of the local IDPs/other settlements 5 - Famine 4 - Emergency 5 - Famine Area receives significant about 1.04 million were internally displaced classification humanitarian food assistance 5 - Famine emergency aid with sustaina population. Armed violence has also exacerbated Areas with inadequate evidence Areas with inadequate evidence re urgently 2 M persons (IDPs) as of December 2024, well above the Catastrophe Area receives significant (accounted for in Phase classification) Areas not analysed Areas not analysed Areas with inadequate evidence humanitarian food assistance > 25% of households meet 25-50% requires tackling root causespoor service access, and gov particularly food insecurity by hindering agricultural production, (accounted for in Phase classification) of caloric needs through assistance Map Symbols Areas not analysed Map Symbols 1 M s economy 314 000 figure estimated one year earlier. Heightened > 25% of households meet 25-50% Urban settlement > 25% of households meet > 50% Urban settlement of caloric needs through assistance interventions with the Huma the delivery of humanitarian assistance and the free Map Symbols classification classification ployment, 0 violence continued to cause displacements in of caloric needs through assistance > 25% of households meet > 50% IDPs/other settlements Urban settlement IDPs/other settlements Evidence Level classification of caloric needs through assistance classification Peace Nexus can drive lasting movements of people and commodities. Although nce further Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun Mar - Jun classification Acceptable IDPs/other settlements Area receives significant Evidence Level short-term crisis response. *** Medium e Western 2019 2020 2021 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 2024 2025 Area receives significant classification humanitarian food assistance 2025, with 60 000 people fleeing their homes in High the Multinational Security Support Mission was Acceptable humanitarian food assistance *** (accounted for in Phase classification) Scarce evidence due to limited or *** Medium below the (accounted for in Phase classification) Area receives significant no humanitarian access > 25% of households meet 25-50% *** High the first months of the year.iii Most IDPs reside humanitarian food assistance > 25% of households meet 25-50% deployed in June 2024 to support the fight against of caloric needs through assistance Scarce evidence due to limited or (accounted for in Phase classification) Publication date: 14 April 2025. Demographic data is based on the Haitian Institute of Statistics and Informatics (IHSI). | Feedback: IPC@FAO.org | of caloric needs through assistance no humanitarian access > 25% of households meet > 50% > 25% of households meet 25-50% Disclaimer: The information shown on this map does not imply official recognition or endorsement of physical or political boundaries. > 25% of households meet > 50% with host families or in rented accommodations, straining the already overstretched local resources of caloric needs through assistance criminal groups, it continues to face significant of caloric needs through assistance of caloric needs through assistance Evidence Level > 25% of households meet > 50% Evidence Level Acceptable challenges due to lack of funding and personnel. of caloric needs through assistance ****** *** Medium Acceptable High Medium and increasing pressure on host communities. About Evidence Level Scarce evidence due to limited or Amid worsening civil security, growing concerns *** *** *** 17 percent of IDPs reside in displacement camps High Acceptable no humanitarian access Scarce evidence due to limited or Medium no humanitarian access High mostly concentrated in the Metropolitan Area of Port‑au‑Prince,iv where access to food, potable water and sanitation systems are severely constrained. The suspension of several emergency food aid and resilience projects in early 2025, due to a significant reduction in financial resources for international assistance, is likely to further worsen local food security conditions. Heightened violence further deteriorates food insecurity Since early 2024, a multi-gang coalition has expanded its control in and beyond Port-au-Prince. Repeated attacks on dwellings and essential services, such as hospitals and schools, and the increased are emerging about the organization of the next Scarce evidence due to limited or no humanitarian access presidential election, currently planned to take place in late 2025. Cereal production expected to decline further in 2025 Domestic cereal production has been declining since 2018 and is expected to contract further in 2025, further straining local food supplies and undermining agricultural livelihoods. Lack of agricultural inputs, deterioration of assets and persisting insecurity conditions have led to land abandonment and low crop yields. Increasing road blocks between rural areas and the capital city, Port-au-Prince, has limited the availability of basic food products and driven up prices, further worsening the food security situation. 2 Planting operations of the 2025 paddy and maize crops started in April, but above-average rainfall since mid-April caused flooding and damaged emerging crops in localized areas. Planted area is estimated at a below-average level as high costs of production, compounded by heightened insecurity, has discouraged farmers from sowing. Weather forecasts for the May to July 2025 period indicate average rainfall amounts, which should support favourable conditions for crop development. However, the 2025 hurricane season (June–November) is projected to be more active than average, posing further risks to crops and livelihoods, and requiring close monitoring and preparedness. Reduced food supply and limited access to markets keep food prices high The annual inflation rate has been in double digits since 2016, steadily eroding households’ purchasing power amid disrupted livelihoods and lack of livelihoods and lack of income‑generating opportunities. In 2025, the inflation rate is forecast at 27.2 percent, slightly above the 25.8 percent recorded in 2024. In March 2025, food prices were generally higher than one year before, mainly due to limited food supplies in local markets caused by the low agricultural production in 2024. Additionally, high transport costs and difficult access to markets have further exerted upward pressure on staple food prices. Assistance to agricultural and livestock production planned in 2025 According to the 2025 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan,v several actions are planned in the food security sector to provide support to vulnerable households, in particular: 🕘 The distribution of short-cycle crop seeds, fishing and livestock kits as an alternative to food aid distribution in areas that are difficult to reach. 🕘 The distribution of agricultural inputs and the delivery of capacity development programmes in improving farming techniques to people in IPC Phase 4 (Emergency) in Nord‑Ouest, Artibonite, Grand-Anse, Sud, Nippes and Sud‑Est departments. 🕘 The promotion of sustainable agricultural practices, natural resource management and essential infrastructure protection to reinforce agrifood system resilience. 3 Notes i. IPC. 2025. The IPC Population Tracking Tool. Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC). Rome. [Cited May 2025]. https://www.ipcinfo.org/ipc-country-analysis/population-tracking-tool/en/. ii. IOM. 2025. Round 9 - December 2024, DTM Assessment of the displacement situation in Haiti. International Organization for Migration (IOM). Haiti. 14 January 2025. https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/ files/reports/Displacement%20situation%20in%20Haiti%20-%20Round%209%20-%20December%20 2024.pdf?iframe=true. iii. IOM. 2025. News – Global: Violence Triggers Record Displacements in Port-au-Prince: Over 60 000 People in a Month. International Organization for Migration (IOM). Haiti. 18 March 2025. https://www.iom.int/news/ violence-triggers-record-displacements-port-au-prince-over-60000-people-month. iv. IOM. 2025. Round 9 - December 2024, DTM Assessment of the displacement situation in Haiti. International Organization for Migration (IOM). Haiti. 14 January 2025. https://dtm.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1461/ files/reports/Displacement%20situation%20in%20Haiti%20-%20Round%209%20-%20December%20 2024.pdf?iframe=true. v. OCHA. 2025. Haïti : Besoins Humanitaires et Plan de Réponse 2025 (février 2025). UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). Haiti. 9 February 2025. https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/ haiti/haiti-besoins-humanitaires-et-plan-de-reponse-2025-fevrier-2025. 4 This report was prepared by the Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) of the Markets and Trade Division of FAO. The updates focus on developing anomalous conditions aimed at providing early warnings, as well as latest and more elaborate information than other GIEWS regular reports on the food security situation of countries, at both national and sub-national levels. None of the information in this report should be regarded as statements of governmental views. 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