Rapò Anyèl Peyi Ayiti 2024 - Plan Estratejik Peyi 2024-2028

SAVING LIVES CHANGING LIVES Haiti Annual Country Report 2024 Country Strategic Plan 2024 - 2028 Table of contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Operational context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 WFP's IDP integrated response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Programme performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Strategic outcome 01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Strategic outcome 02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Strategic outcome 03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Strategic outcome 04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Strategic outcome 05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Cross-cutting results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Gender equality and women's empowerment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Protection and accountability to affected people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Environmental sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Nutrition integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Financial Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Data Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Annex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Reporting on beneficiary information in WFP’s annual country reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Figures and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Beneficiaries by Sex and Age Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Beneficiaries by Residence Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Beneficiaries by Programme Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Annual Food Transfer (mt) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Annual Cash Based Transfer and Commodity Voucher (USD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Strategic Outcome and Output Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Cross-cutting Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 2 Overview Key messages In 2024, WFP, in coordination with the government, provided vital assistance to 2 million people in Haiti through emergency response and resilience-building programmes. Of these, 56 percent received crisis response support, while 44 percent benefited from school feeding, social safety nets, and cash assistance-for-assets initiatives. Amid escalating violence and food insecurity, WFP fostered synergies across programmes in line with the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. Efforts included integrating displaced populations into long-term social safety nets to promote longer-term recovery and resilience, while expanding digitalized assistance from 30 percent in 2023 to 70 percent in 2024 to enhance transparency and financial inclusion. In 2024, the security situation in Haiti continued to deteriorate, prompting mass displacements and further destabilizing the socio-political context of the country, while food insecurity worsened, as armed groups intensified their clashes against the Haitian national police and the recently deployed troops of the non-UN multinational security support mission. The latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis (September 2024 - February 2025) [1] reveals that 5.4 million people in Haiti, or half of the population, are acutely food insecure (IPC3+), compared to 4.9 million people in the previous analysis, marking the worst figures since the 2010 earthquake. Of these, 2 million are in the emergency phase (IPC 4), a 42 percent increase from August 2023, with 15 regions classified as IPC 4 (up from 5 a year before). Additionally, over 1 million people are internally displaced (IDPs) in Haiti [2], and 6,000 of those living in IDPs sites are facing catastrophic food insecurity (IPC 5), the first occurrence since September 2022 and only the second in the region and Haiti’s history. Key drivers remained the heightened armed group violence and the ensuing disruption of the distribution of food supplies, due to blocked transport routes and limited market and food access. Climate and economic shocks were also important factors in this food security deterioration. WFP implemented the first year of its new Country Strategic Plan 2024-2028, in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 2 (zero hunger) and 17 (partnerships for the goals). As in 2023, WFP reached over 2 million people (50 percent women), distributing a total of 12,604 mt of food and USD 35.4 million of cash-based transfers (CBT) for emergencies, social protection and resilience activities, while mainstreaming gender sensitivity across its programmes. Additionally, WFP’s assistance indirectly benefitted 739,000 people with assets, capacity and services, as well as 1.4 million people through national policies and programmes. WFP increased the share of its digitalized assistance from 30 percent in 2023 to 70 percent in 2024, enhancing transparency, efficiency, the security of beneficiaries, and their financial inclusion. Additionally, in total, WFP also injected USD 14.4 million in the local economy through the procurement of locally sourced food for its traditional school meals, home-grown school meals and emergency programmes (including through the procurement of fresh produce for the preparation of hot meals). Finally, WFP’s immediate emergency response, hot meal distributions, was scaled up to meet the needs of 180,906 IDPs in Haiti, as well as 172,779 returnees and deportees from the Dominican Republic, following a sharp increase in deportations since October 2024. Despite the challenging operational context—including the evacuation of UN staff in March 2024 due to violent attacks by armed groups on government facilities and key infrastructure, as well as the closure of Port-au-Prince airport from March to June 2024 and again since November 2024—WFP reached 1.15 million people through its emergency programmes. This included distributing 9,009 mt of food and providing USD 16.5 million in CBT, with nutrition top-ups for vulnerable households with pregnant and breastfeeding women and girls and/or children under 5 years old. This shock response was carried out largely alongside the Government of Haiti, particularly in collaboration with the Economic and Social Assistance Fund. In 2024, WFP continued to expand its school meal programmes, reaching 602,713 school children, including 411,865 benefitting from the home-grown school meal programme (HGSM), which utilized locally sourced products. This marks a significant increase from 225,927 HGSM beneficiaries in 2023, reinforcing the goal of the National School Feeding Policy and Strategy to achieve 100 percent locally sourced school meals by 2030. By linking smallholder farmers to a reliable market through the schools, the programme not only enhances children's nutrition but also strengthens local agricultural economies. 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 3 WFP provided substantial support to the Ministry of Social Affairs in implementing adaptive social protection measures to enhance resilience and expand social safety nets, in alignment with the National Social Protection and Promotion Policy. Additionally, WFP continued to implement its various social safety net programmes, while simultaneously building the Ministry’s capacity to sustainably manage and scale these systems independently. Although the transition was initially planned for 2024, significant progress was made in system strengthening, and WFP remains confident that the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour will be well-equipped to take over the safety nets by 2025. Through its resilience projects, WFP assisted communities in rehabilitating critical assets, directly benefiting 19,970 households (99,850 individuals) through 4.8 million USD in conditional cash transfers. Key achievements include the rehabilitation of 31 km of roads, 16 km of irrigation channels and 19 water points, the planting of over 50,000 trees, and the construction of dry stone walls to mitigate flooding risks. These initiatives enhanced market access, boosted agricultural production, and conserved natural resources while fostering social cohesion and providing vulnerable families with sustainable income opportunities through conditional cash transfers. WFP also continued to provide capacity-strengthening support to the government and ensured its interventions’ alignment with Haiti’s National Strategic Development Plan 2012-2030. WFP collaborated with the Ministries of Education, Social Affairs and Labours, Agriculture, Economy and Finance, as well as Environment (with whom a new Memorandum of Understanding has been signed to facilitate collaboration on climate financing for Haiti, among others), and the Economic and Social Assistance Fund across its interventions. Following the escalation of violence and insecurity in Port-au-Prince in early March, WFP adapted its supply chain operations to the ever-evolving context, making use of pre-positioning across strategic locations, diversifying routes and transport modalities, reinforcing community engagement to secure access across areas controlled by armed groups and managing commodity transfers to schools accordingly. In line with its mandate to support partner operations, WFP extended its enhanced supply chain services to the humanitarian and development community. This included chartering four international flights to import 82 MT of urgently needed medicines and supplies during airport closures, providing maritime transport services that delivered 1,442 MT of cargo to Haiti’s northern and southern regions despite roadblocks in the capital, and operating 1,450 flights through adapted UNHAS routes for 157 partners, facilitating regular access to project sites. UNHAS was also particularly key for relocation and evacuation support during peak crisis periods in March and November, serving as a lifeline when the capital's airports closed. 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 4 2,038,105 female50% 50% Total beneficiaries in 2024 male Estimated number of persons with disabilities: 125,990 (51% Female, 49% Male) Beneficiaries by Sex and Age Group 60+ years Female 77,122 60+ years Male 57,522 18-59 years 12-17 years 5-11 years 24-59 months 0-23 months 137,959 131,839 145,068 75,337 57,790 37,668 29,343 519,995 306,337 300,938 352,470 18-59 years 12-17 years 5-11 years 24-59 months 0-23 months 100,592 150,672 158,263 75,337 57,784 37,668 29,237 482,073 300,713 307,840 362,549 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 Planned Actual 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 Planned Actual IDP Returnee Resident Beneficiaries by Residence Status 0 180,906 0 172,779 2,254,011 1,684,420 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 Planned Actual 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 5 Unconditional Resource Transfers Smallholder agricultural market support programmes School based programmes Malnutrition prevention programme Asset Creation and Livelihood Action to protect against climate shocks 25,500 0 31,728 10,135 130,834 47,985 Beneficiaries by Programme Area 345,100 602,713 212,500 99,850 1,500,000 1,291,385 Food Cash-Based Transfers Commodity Voucher Capacity Strengthening 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 Planned Actual Beneficiaries by Modality 1,500,100 828,802 1,908,911 1,059,285 184,406 486,938 351,438 0 0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000Planned Actual 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 6 Total Transfers by Modality 22,973 12,634 Food (mt) 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 Planned Actual Cash-Based Transfers (USD) Commodity Voucher (USD) 142,035,602 35,404,171 15,078,535 18,775,554 0 50,000,000 100,000,000 Planned Actual Annual Food Transfer (mt) 16,196 8,421 15,00010,000 5,000 1,808 0 0 137 0 222 91 143 21 0 139 4,823 0 0 0 305 0 675 1,590 907 0 Bulgur Wheat 37 Iodised Salt 93 Peas Sorghum Flour Vegetable Oil Beans High Energy Biscuits LNS Lentils Ready To Use Supplementary Food Rice Split Peas Planned Actual 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 7 Value voucher transfer for Annual Cash Based Transfer and Commodity Voucher (USD) 1,125,000 981,773 services Commodity Voucher Cash 15,078,535 18,775,554 0 50,000,000 100,000,000Planned Actual 140,910,602 34,422,397 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 8 Operational context Haiti is facing a deepening humanitarian crisis, exacerbated by escalating violence and political instability since the assassination of President Jovenel Moise in July 2021. The violence reached new heights in early 2024, as armed groups launched coordinated attacks against critical infrastructure, such as government buildings, hospitals, schools, prisons, ports and airports, intensifying their territorial control. This led to a sharp increase in civilian casualties with at least 5,600 reported murders in 2024 [1] -over 1,000 more than in 2023- and forced over 1 million people to flee their homes and livelihoods [2], more than three times the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) recorded in December 2023 [3]. The widespread violence led to prolonged closures of ports and airports and blocked roadways, severely restricting economic activity and access to essential services, while further isolating the capital from the provinces. According to the Global Peace Index [4], Haiti recorded the biggest deterioration in peacefulness in the Latin America and Caribbean region and the fifth largest deterioration globally (for the second year in a row). For the first time, it is the least peaceful country in the region. WFP, and the other UN agencies, evacuated some of its staff in March due to this increase in armed group violence and following instability, and brought them back from May onwards as the security situation improved, to support the scale-up of its activities to respond to the sharp increase in humanitarian needs. Another evacuation and relocation were triggered by a rapid increase in insecurity in November. The escalating violence disrupted essential services and livelihoods on an unprecedented scale. Armed groups expanded their territorial control to 85 percent [5] of Port-au-Prince, regularly displacing tens of thousands of people and leaving communities in crisis. IDPs and vulnerable communities faced acute challenges as armed group activities destabilized food systems and access to essential goods, especially in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area and in the Artibonite department. In parallel, the first non-UN multinational security support’s (MSSM) troops were deployed in June 2024, and as of December 2024 over 450 troops were in Haiti to support the Haitian National Police in restoring security. The MSSM mandate was renewed for another year, until October 2025 [6]. While these deployments aimed to stabilize the security environment, armed group activity persisted in many areas, hindering access to critical infrastructure and complicating humanitarian operations. Haiti remains the poorest country in Latin America and the Caribbean and among the poorest countries in the world. The country's economic collapse in 2024 further exacerbated the crisis, with the economy estimated to have contracted 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 9 for the sixth consecutive year, by 4.2 percent [7]. Additionally, inflation peaked at 30 percent and food prices increased by 42 percent between mid-2023 and mid-2024 [8]. The cost of a basic food basket surpassed the affordability of most households, forcing families to adopt severe coping mechanisms, such as selling assets, reducing meal portions, and withdrawing children from school [9]. The closure of trade routes and the border with the Dominican Republic disrupted vital food imports and markets, leaving border communities particularly vulnerable [10]. Agricultural production also suffered significantly, with insecurity in Artibonite—the country’s breadbasket—preventing farmers from accessing their land [11]. These economic pressures drove millions into deeper poverty and heightened dependency on humanitarian assistance. The sharp rise in deportations from the Dominican Republic since October 2024 also added to the strain on Haiti’s fragile assistance systems [12]. Food insecurity reached historic levels in 2024, as highlighted by the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analyses [13]. The August 2024 analysis revealed that 5.4 million people -half the population- were acutely food insecure, with 2 million in IPC Phase 4—a 42 percent increase compared to the August 2023 analysis—and 6,000 people in IPC Phase 5 (emergency levels) living on IDP sites. Acute malnutrition among children under five reached 7.2 percent [14], while stunting affected nearly a quarter of Haitian children under five. Haiti’s Human Development Index remains low, putting the country in the medium human development category — positioning it at 158 out of 193 countries [15], while remaining one of the most vulnerable countries worldwide to natural hazards (hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes), with more than 96 percent of the population being exposed to these types of shocks [7]. Additionally, women and girls living in areas under armed group-control continued to face a high risk of rape and sexual exploitation [16], while 94 percent of those living in IDP camps are at increased risks of gender-based violence [17]. Throughout 2024, WFP served as a vital lifeline, responding to Haiti’s worsening humanitarian crisis with life-saving assistance and resilience-building interventions. WFP’s operations in Haiti were firmly aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and guided by its new Country Strategic Plan (CSP) 2024-2028. The latter is designed in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework 2023-2027, and with Haiti’s national strategic development plans [18]. Crisis response activities directly supported SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), while efforts to strengthen social protection systems and foster local food production addressed SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). WFP’s gender-sensitive programming, which empowered women as key agents of change, advanced SDG 5 (Gender Equality). Through its integrated approach, WFP demonstrated its commitment to addressing the immediate needs of Haiti’s populations most vulnerable to hunger, while contributing to sustainable development and resilience-building. To support SDG 17, WFP enhanced collaboration with United Nations agencies and strengthened the capacity of national and local institutions to address food insecurity. Through strategic outcome 4, WFP continued to assist the Government in expanding the geographical reach of the social registry, aiming to cover 40 percent of the population by 2025, and continued the provision of school meals, in line with the National School Feeding Policy. WFP also supported the Government in building systems for anticipatory actions and early warning. Under strategic outcome 5, WFP ensured the provision of logistics, maritime, and air services to the humanitarian and development community, which were essential given the access constraints caused by escalating insecurity. Risk management Political instability and escalating armed group violence severely impacted humanitarian access, beneficiary and staff safety, and WFP operations. These challenges, complicated by the transitional political processes increased risks of change in national priorities. Furthermore, Haiti’s centralized financial system, combined with the aerial and transport disruptions caused by armed group violence, exacerbated cash availability issues in provincial areas. Despite this, WFP remained committed to delivering food assistance in high-risk, hard-to-reach areas. The Haiti Risk Appetite was elevated to balance operational effectiveness with staff duty of care and resource safeguarding. The country office completed the risk matrix, identifying key threats, setting acceptable risk levels, and implementing mitigation measures. All incidents were reported to the Inspector General and escalated as needed, with continuous donor engagement on operations and associated risks. As one of 31 high-risk countries in the Global Assurance Project, Haiti’s country office achieved 77 percent of the augmented assurance plan milestones, despite two evacuations/relocations in one year, with full implementation expected in early 2025. To ensure safe access to intervention sites, WFP established a dedicated coordination cell, maintaining engagement with local communities and armed groups. Staff wellbeing remained a priority, with enhanced medical evacuation and psychosocial support in place. UNHAS also played a key role in facilitating access countrywide. 10 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report Lessons learned In 2024, WFP Haiti demonstrated its dual mandate, balancing emergency response and resilience building. The Home-Grown School Meal programme, with 70 percent of meals sourced locally, stood out as a flagship model, enhancing child nutrition and attendance rates, while supporting local farmers thanks to a continued increase in WFP's share of local procurement. Significant progress was made in digitizing cash assistance, improving efficiency and transparency. WFP also integrated access-sensitive programming and nutrition-specific interventions to address food insecurity holistically. Security remains critical. Without improved conditions, displacement, strain on host communities, and rising food insecurity will persist, limiting WFP’s impact. WFP continued to show strong leadership in humanitarian access, allowing distribution in hard-to-reach areas to take place, especially in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan zone. Leveraging funding from International Financial Institutions allowed WFP to continue strengthening Haiti’s social protection system, although the Government of Haiti is not yet ready to fully implement safety nets. Continued collaboration and capacity building are vital for sustainability. 11 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report WFP's IDP integrated response © © WFP/Tanya Bricbeck A child living in a site for internally displaced people with his family receives WFP's nutritious food to prevent malnutrition Amid Haiti's escalating food security crisis, the challenges have only intensified in 2024, driving a surge in humanitarian needs. By the end of the year, over 1 million people were displaced due to violent armed groups, more than three times the number from December 2023 [1]. Children made up over half of the displaced population [2]. The latest Integrated Food Security (IPC) analysis [3] revealed that about 6,000 people in internally displaced persons (IDPs) sites were experiencing catastrophic food insecurity (IPC 5). Additionally, 75 percent of IDPs in sites faced acute food insecurity (IPC 3+). A WFP vulnerability assessment showed that 82 percent of IDPs resorted to crisis survival strategies, such as reducing meal sizes and prioritizing children’s nutrition over that of adults. Moreover, 5 percent of IDP households had poor food consumption, a rate 22 percentage points higher than the metropolitan average [4]. These challenges were further aggravated by dire living conditions that worsened food insecurity. In response, WFP launched a comprehensive approach to the crisis, expanding emergency interventions and integrating IDPs into longer-term safety net programmes. These efforts included nutritional support through partnerships with government agencies like the Directorate for Civil Protection and the Fond d’assistance économique et sociale. In 2024, WFP distributed 2.9 million hot meals to 180,906 IDPs across 156 sites in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. All fresh ingredients were locally sourced, supporting the local economy and minimizing logistical costs [5], in line with WFP’s 2024-2028 Country Strategic Plan, which emphasizes local sourcing. WFP also focused on young children’s nutritional needs. As part of the initial emergency response, approximately 297,360 hot meals tailored for children aged 6 to 24 months were provided. In addition, 14.9 metric tons of specialized nutritious foods for the prevention of acute malnutrition were distributed to 2,172 children. These distributions were carried out through mobile clinics in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and UNICEF, ensuring a simultaneous approach to acute malnutrition prevention and the management of both severe and moderate cases. The mobile clinics were complemented by nutritional screenings and the promotion of infant feeding practices, hygiene, and proper nutrition. In partnership with the Ministry of Health's community health workers, WFP conducted awareness sessions for caregivers and pregnant and breastfeeding women. 11,310 children were reached with malnutrition screening, while 42,161 parents and caregivers were given counselling and health promotion sessions [6]. 12 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report One such beneficiary, Stenfeson Paul, received WFP’s nutritional support. His mother, Merlindie Marthy, had been displaced in January 2024. She shared that feeding her family had been their greatest challenge since her husband's employment ended when his company shut down. However, thanks to WFP’s assistance, her son received "mamba," a highly nutritious product, which helped him stay well-nourished. Merlindie expressed gratitude, saying, "I am very happy that after the malnutrition test, the results showed my child is well-nourished, thanks to the 'mamba.' He likes it and eats it regularly. I hope he continues receiving it to stay healthy." To address ongoing food and nutrition insecurity, WFP provided three cycles of cash transfers, worth USD 120 each, to around 46,500 IDPs following hot meal distributions. This was aimed at integrating them into longer-term solutions. Additionally, 10,091 households, including pregnant women and children under five, received an extra USD 31 to facilitate access to nutrition-dense foods and prevent acute malnutrition. WFP complemented synergies between its emergency and social protection programmes by transferring 20,235 IDPs into a temporary safety net programme, in line with its CSP, providing USD 88 monthly for six months to help families meet basic needs as they seek to relocate to more stable settings and rebuild their livelihoods. The violence from armed groups also led to the temporary closure of schools in the capital. Of the 102 IDP sites, 38 were schools. In response, WFP adapted its school meals programme to ensure that students in relocated schools still received essential nutrition. With funding from Education Cannot Wait, WFP worked alongside UNICEF to transition students from receiving snacks to full hot meals by early 2025. WFP’s analysis following the second USD 120 cash transfer showed that its assistance helped mitigate the deterioration of food security among IDPs, especially when compared to those who had not received WFP’s support. However, the situation remained critical, as territorial control of armed groups over the capital increased [7]. This continued insecurity prevented any significant improvements in IDPs’ food security, leaving them vulnerable to further shocks during WFP’s interventions. In response, WFP adjusted its strategy, extending the assistance to a third cycle of cash transfers and mobilizing resources to transition as many IDPs as possible to safety nets following the emergency intervention. The strategy revision was supported by various donors, including the U.S. Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance (BHA) and the Inter-American Development Bank. 13 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report Programme performance Strategic outcome 01: Crisis-affected women, men, girls, and boys in Haiti meet their diverse emergency food, nutrition, and other essential needs before, during and after shocks. 1.15 million people supported under WFP's crisis response assistance programme 3.2 million hot meals distributed to over 180,906 internally displaced people and 172,779 deported/repatriated 9,009 mt of in-kind food assistance and USD 16.5 million distributed through cash-based transfers In response to the dire humanitarian crisis in Haiti, WFP strategically focused on providing essential emergency food assistance to the population facing the most vulnerable conditions. The primary objective was to address increasing food insecurity exacerbated by economic inflation, political unrest and armed violence, especially following the March and November 2024 crises, as well as internal displacements. Over 1 million people in Haiti were reported as internally displaced, with children making up more than half of this population [1], due to heightened armed group violence. Adding to these crises, deportations from the Dominican Republic surged following the government’s October announcement it would expel 10,000 immigrants per week: more than 30,000 Haitians were expelled in less than a month — a 60 percent increase from the previous month [2]. The latest Integrated Food Security (IPC) analysis [3] in Haiti underscores the severity of this multifaceted emergency, with over 5.4 million Haitians -half the population- facing crisis-level food insecurity or worse (IPC3+). Limited access to essential services, deteriorating infrastructure, supply chains disruption, and significant obstacles to humanitarian assistance further compound the crisis, leaving vulnerable communities in an increasingly dire situation. WFP emergency operations were fully funded, with funds transferred from 2023 supporting emergency activities in 2024. As in 2023, WFP had to prioritize its emergency assistance, targeting only 80 percent of households classified as IPC4+ (emergency levels of food insecurity), but security issues and late arrival of resources, among others, hindered full implementation. Despite this, WFP supported 1.15 million people through its emergency interventions, distributing 9,009 mt of in-kind food and USD 16.4 million of cash-based transfers (CBT). Hot meals also remained a key feature of WFP emergency response: they were distributed to 172,779 deported and repatriated people at two border points [4], and were often the first food they received in days, as well as to 180,906 internally displaced persons (IDPs) (for details on WFP’s interventions within IDP sites, please refer to the "WFP’s IDP Integrated Response" section). WFP provided emergency food assistance to people in food-insecure areas identified by the IPC analysis. IDPs received immediate assistance due to their heightened vulnerability and urgent needs (blanket targeting [5]), while other households were selected based on specific vulnerability criteria designed to identify a cross-section of Haiti's most vulnerable populations, including those headed by women, as well as households with persons with disabilities, older people (above 60), or children under 5 years old. WFP, drawing upon the findings of the National Food Security Survey (ENSAN), identified key indicators that shed light on food security, including those related to gender and age, which served as selection criteria for targeting and prioritisation. WFP worked through its local partners and community members to apply these criteria using a Score Card modality to optimize targeting. This ensured that the voices of people benefitting from WFP's assistance and trusted community members and leaders were included in the beneficiary selection process, precluding intra- and inter-community tensions that may arise from perceptions of unfairness within the targeting process. By aligning assistance with the realities of those most in need, WFP ensured that its interventions were both impactful and socially sensitive, fostering trust and cooperation at the community level. In targeting IPC4+ populations, WFP interventions included distributing either in-kind assistance [6], CBT, or a mixed approach (one cycle of in-kind assistance followed by two cycles of CBT). WFP’s in-kind distributions were done across IPC4 communes, in particular in hard-to-reach areas thanks to significant direct community-level engagement, including in Cite Soleil, which had been re-accessed in 2022, and Croix-des-Bouquets, where 287,975 people received 14 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report 2,833 mt of in-kind food. In both areas, 25 percent of the population is categorized in IPC4 [7]. Results of interventions in areas which had received such limited assistance due to access constraints were striking: in Cité Soleil, WFP’s post-distribution monitoring data suggested a 14-point reduction in the number of beneficiary households experiencing poor food consumption after delivering assistance in August/September [8]. Malnutrition also continued to be a rising concern in Haiti: the IPC Acute Malnutrition analysis for December 2023-November 2024 highlighted high malnutrition levels, estimating 276,736 children under 5 experiencing wasting. WFP implemented urgent nutritional interventions in the areas classified as IPC3+ to prevent further deterioration [9], and all WFP emergency interventions, including those without nutrition-specific integrated distributions, included collaboration between WFP partners, the Ministry of Health and its community health workers, to ensure health and good nutrition promotion. WFP launched a cash-based programme to prevent acute malnutrition among pregnant and breastfeeding women and children aged 6-24/59 months in areas facing emergency food insecurity and IDPs sites within the metropolitan area. This initiative targeted 17,109 vulnerable households, including 10,091 IDP households, where individuals had specific nutritional needs and were most at risk of malnutrition. To support access to nutritious food, these households received 3 cycles of USD 31 in additional cash assistance, on top of the USD 120 provided through general food assistance. The intervention included Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) activities and nutritional screening to ensure early detection and referral for moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) cases: 17,740 children were screened, and 60,832 parents and caregivers were reached by sensitization activities. Preliminary results from the analysis of the nutritional quality of food consumption through this intervention show positive effects on the intake of food, iron, and protein. However, further investigation is needed to determine whether these improvements specifically benefitted pregnant women and children aged 6-24 months. Results concerning the proportion of children aged 6-23 months who received a diet meeting the minimum standards show an increase from 44 to 62 percent, while 49 percent of women and girls of reproductive age achieved a diverse diet [10], up from 28 percent. These findings suggest progress in improving dietary diversity and adequacy [11]. WFP also implemented a community-based blanket feeding preventive programme in IPC4+ areas with higher acute malnutrition prevalence and IDPs sites. The programme provided 21.46 mt of nutritional supplements (LNS MQ), including 14.9 mt for IDPs, to 3,182 children 6-23 months, while ensuring regular child screenings, referrals for MAM and SAM treatment and malnutrition management, as well as SBCC to parents and caregivers. Through emergency activities that did not include nutrition-specific integrated distributions, partners reached 42,583 parents and young children's caregivers with SBCC, and ensured outreach nutrition services, screening 47,806 children under 5 years old: 3,652 MAM and 773 SAM cases were referred to health centres for the provision of adequate care and nutritional support. Additionally, WFP made the complete digitization of its assistance a priority for the purposes of stronger assurance related to identity management. To this end, targeting and registration have been integrated with the introduction of tokens and QR codes, which uniquely identify targeted recipients and enhance their traceability. At the end of targeting operations, assistance cards (SCOPE) are printed and given to beneficiaries to facilitate their identification and assistance through the systems. In addition to the cash assistance that is already managed through WFP’s transfer management platform (SCOPE), all in-kind assistance started being digitized in 2024. At the end of this process, in 2025, all in-kind distributions will be made digitally, ensuring greater transparency, credibility and confidence to donors and partners. Finally, WFP continued strengthening its alignment with the national priorities and mechanisms of the Haitian government to ensure a coordinated and effective response to the needs of vulnerable populations. This collaboration was reflected in the close cooperation with: • The Directorate for Civil Protection (DGPC) for the management and assistance of IDPs. WFP received alerts on new displacements from IOM and DGPC and subsequently deployed emergency assistance to newly displaced populations. • The Economic Fund for Social Assistance (FAES) in identifying priority areas with IPC populations, targeting, and addressing food insecurity (four cycles of USD 100 assistance). Additionally, due to insecurity and massive IDP movements, FAES and WFP reallocated a portion of the aid to meet the urgent needs of IDPs. • The Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour’s social registry (SIMAST) for beneficiary targeting, as WFP ensured the use of updated SIMAST lists where available, prioritizing the inclusion of the most vulnerable households and optimizing resources. • The Ministry of Health for integrating nutrition preventive support in the emergency food security response, ensuring sensitization and a strong connection to health services through screening and referral of children suffering from SAM and MAM. Discussions were also ongoing for the systematic integration of people living with 15 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report HIV into emergency distributions. • To implement its crisis response activities, WFP worked with 24 cooperating partners (15 locals and nine international non-governmental organizations) and five financial service providers. Despite half of Haiti’s population being in acute food insecurity (IPC4+), WFP interventions contributed to a decrease in the percentage of people with poor food consumption from 86 to 74 percent, while those with a borderline food consumption score increased from 9 to 19 percent, indicating an overall improvement of crisis-affected households. WFP GENDER AND AGE MARKER CSP ACTIVITY GAM MONITORING CODE Provide emergency assistance to food-insecure crisis-affected Haitians, including nutrition assistance to targeted groups, before, during and after emergencies 3 - Fully integrates gender 16 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report Strategic outcome 02: Food-insecure school-aged children and targeted households in Haiti, women, children, and people living with HIV/AIDS and disabilities prioritized, meet their needs for diverse diets all year. 602,713 children in Haiti received food in 1,994 schools through WFP's school meal programmes in 2024 159,760 people benefitted from WFP's safety net programmes, and were provided with USD 12.9 million This includes 411,865 children who received 4,554 mt of locally procured food through the home-grown school meal programme This includes 110,000 people benefitting from the government's adaptive social protection project for increased resilience In 2024, WFP supported the Government of Haiti in implementing nutrition-sensitive safety nets, focusing on vulnerable populations in line with national policies, such as the new National School Feeding Policy and the National Social Protection and Promotion Policy. In January 2024, the Government of Haiti signed the 2024-2030 National School Feeding Policy, which was the result of two years of consultations led by the National School Feeding Office with WFP's active support. This policy sets the direction for the school meal programme, outlining its vision, objectives, nutritional standards, and the roles of stakeholders. It emphasizes the importance of locally sourced food for school meals, aligning with the Ministry of Education's goal to rely entirely on local products for school canteens by 2030. In August 2024, the Government of Haiti, represented by the Minister of Education, also took part in the Regional School Meals Forum in Mexico. In 2024, WFP provided school meals to a record number of students across Haiti, reaching 602,713 students in 1,994 schools, a 34 percent increase from 2023. A notable portion of these meals was sourced locally through WFP's Home-Grown School Meal (HGSM) programme, which benefited 68 percent of the students (411,865 children), compared to 50 percent in 2023 (225,927 children). The HGSM programme procured 4,554 metric tons of food, worth USD 8.7 million, significantly increasing local procurement compared to previous years. By the end of 2024, HGSM operations expanded to three new departments, covering all ten departments across the country, while schools in five departments transitioned to receiving 100 percent locally sourced food for school meals. This achievement was made possible through the contributions of various stakeholders, foremost among them the government of Haiti, with support from the Ministry of National Education and Vocational Training and the Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Rural Development. The Ministry of Agriculture, thanks to financing from the World Bank, supported over 100,000 children across nearly 400 schools in four departments since September 2023 and throughout the 2023-2024 academic year. This school meals programme is nearly entirely based on locally sourced products and continued to support these students during the 2024-2025 academic year. Additionally, with financing from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Ministry of Education has been implementing a new school canteen project since September 2024. This initiative aims to support 30,000 children in the Nord and Nord-Est departments, providing school meals primarily sourced from local products. Thanks to the USDA funding of school meal programmes through the McGovern Dole project, WFP was able to work with the IDB to leverage the Global Partnership for Education’s multiplier funding, worth USD 11 million. The shift to HGSM remained a priority for WFP. The programme expanded from 28 percent of WFP-assisted schools using local products in the 2021-2022 school year to 50 percent in 2023-2024. WFP has already reached its goal of further increasing local sourcing to 70 percent for the 505,000 schoolchildren it aims to serve during the 2024-2025 school year. This progress supports WFP’s new Country Strategic Plan (CSP) for 2024-2028, which aims to source 87 percent of school meals locally by 2028, in alignment with the National School Feeding Policy promoting local procurement and management. 17 2024 | Haiti Annual Country Report While the activity was fully funded overall, WFP’s school meal programme faced funding constraints between January and April 2024, leading to the temporary suspension of HGSM services for 40,000 children. Flexible funding allowed WFP to reintegrate these children in the final trimester of the school year and accelerate the transition from traditional school meals to HGSM. The HGSM programme demonstrated better resilience during disruptions such as port congestion and road blockages, thanks to its shortened supply chain, reinforcing its importance as a sustainable and adaptable solution [1]. In collaboration with UNICEF and the Ministry of Education, WFP supported catch-up education during the summer break by providing fortified snacks to 9,748 students in the metropolitan area. This initiative aimed to improve the caloric intake of children and address malnutrition. WFP also supported schoolchildren in schools that had been converted into Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) sites due to the escalating violence in Port-au-Prince (please read more in "WFP’s IDP integrated response" section). To promote healthier behaviours, WFP integrated good nutrition and hygiene practices into its programmes, while also emphasizing gender equality through special courses that address gendered food taboos and the roles that girls and boys are assigned in the family, at school, and in the community. This effort was part of the LENDI project, which sought to raise awareness among 8,109 students and their families (please read more in the "progress towards gender equality" section). WFP also rolled out the School Connect platform in over 2,000 schools in October 2024. This digital tool is designed to enhance stock monitoring, procurement, and reporting, improving the efficiency of school meal operations. The platform’s successful rollout across many schools demonstrates the potential of innovative technologies in optimizing school meal programmes. WFP's programmes yielded positive results despite challenges: the graduation rate was at 86.6 percent (89.4 percent for girls, 84 percent for boys), compared to 59 percent in 2023, and the attendance rate reached 89.5 percent (90.1 percent for girls, 88.8 percent for boys), compared to 77 percent in 2023, reflecting a robust engagement in school meal initiatives. Throughout 2024, WFP also provided social cash assistance to 31,952 households (159,760 individuals) in 4 departments [2] through its safety net programmes, distributing USD 12.9 million through cash transfers, with women representing 82 percent of the recipients. The assistance was primarily delivered through mobile money transfers, a mechanism designed to promote economic inclusion, particularly for women. While solid funding enabled WFP to implement its safety net programmes, security challenges prevented full execution, affecting planned distributions in November and December. Safety net programmes include the Adaptive Social Protection for Increased Resilience (ASPIRE) programme, which WFP continued implementing in collaboration with the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour (MAST) to support vulnerable households in Grand’Anse. In 2024, ASPIRE provided cash transfers of USD 40 or USD 80 per month to over 22,000 households (approximately 110,000 individuals). This initiative targeted vulnerable groups, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, children under five, and persons with disabilities. WFP worked with MAST and the Office for National Identification to issue identification cards to over 3,000 individuals, ensuring that 76 percent of households received their entitlements via mobile money—a 9 percent increase compared to 2023. These interventions contributed to improved access to basic services, food security, and enhanced resilience to shocks. As part of ASPIRE, 9,622 children were also screened for malnutrition, with 469 cases referred to health centers and UNICEF for treatment [3]. In April 2024, WFP handed over 30 percent of the cash operations under ASPIRE to the Government, providing technical assistance to support the transition as the Government progresses toward fully implementing its social safety nets. WFP's social cash transfers also supported 4,047 IDPs households (20,235 people) in Port-au-Prince, helping them transition out of displacement and integrate into the national social protection system (please read more in the "WFP’s IDP integrated response" section). To strengthen financial inclusion and economic resilience, WFP provided financial