Rapport d'Enquête d'Opinion Pays Haïti AF 2021

Public Disclosure Authorized CAR COS FY17 Report (Final).docx Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti FY 2021 Haiti Country Opinion Survey Report THE WORLD BANK GROUP Public Opinion Research Group 1 November 2021 Acknowledgements World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti The Haiti Country Opinion Survey is part of the County Opinion Survey Program series of the World Bank Group. This report was prepared by the Strategic Insights Group (SI), led by Sharon Felzer (Senior Communications Officer, Head of SI). Yulia Danilina, Jessica Cameron, Nan Lin, and Aditi Routh oversaw design, reporting, and analysis. Dania Mendoza, Noreen Wambui, and Irina Popova provided data support. SI acknowledges the significant contribution from the Haiti country team and independent fielding agency Dagmar. In particular, Strategic Insights Group is grateful for the support from Hannah McDonald-Moniz (Senior External Affairs Officer), Peleg Charles (External Affairs Associate), and Charmaine Wright (Consultant) who coordinated the survey related activities. 1 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti Table of Contents I. Objectives ...................................................................................3 II. Methodology...............................................................................3 III. Demographics of the Sample.......................................................4 IV. Overall Context ...........................................................................8 V. Overall Attitudes Toward the World Bank Group ......................15 VI. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas.................20 VII. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground .....23 VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments.....................29 IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Haiti..........................................33 X. Communication and Outreach ................................................. 38 XI. Appendices................................................................................42 HAITI 2 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti I. Objectives This survey was designed to assist the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Haiti perceive the WBG. The survey explored: ▪ Overall Context ▪ Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group ▪ World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground ▪ World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas ▪ World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities ▪ The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Haiti ▪ Communication and Information Sharing ▪ Background Information II. Methodology From May to July 2021, 930 stakeholders of the WBG in Haiti were invited to provide their opinions on the WBG’s work in the country by participating in a Country Opinion Survey. Participants were drawn from the Office of the President, Prime Minister/Minister; office of a parliamentarian; ministries/ministerial departments/implementation agencies; Project Management Units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of WBG projects; consultants/ contractors working on WBG-supported projects/programs; local governments; independent government institutions; the judicial system; state-owned enterprises; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; the financial sector/private banks; private foundations; NGOs and community based organizations; trade unions; faith-based groups; youth groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; the media; and other organizations. A total of 180 stakeholders participated in the survey (19% response rate). Respondents completed the questionnaire with a representative from the local fielding agency, or they completed it online. Every country that engages in the Country Opinion Survey (COS) must include specific indicator questions that will be aggregated for the World Bank Group’s annual Corporate Scorecard. These questions are identified throughout the survey report. The results in this year’s Country Survey were compared to those in the Country Survey conducted in FY’18 (response rate was 28%, N=134). Data were weighted to reach the same stakeholder composition in two years, which allows for year comparisons. Stakeholder groups which were not present in both fiscal years were not included in the comparison. Respondents who belonged to the “other” stakeholder category were not included either. As a result, mean ratings, percentages of respondents, and the total number of respondents in both years are slightly different from those of the original data reported in the FY’18 COS report and the non weighted data presented in appendices A, B, C and E. For the weighted stakeholder breakdown and year comparison results, please refer to Appendix D (page 87). Note that the body of the report presents data on selected questions of the survey questionnaire. Please refer to Appendix A for data on all survey questions. Appendices B, C, D, and E present data on selected questions. Additional data breakdowns are available upon request. 3 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti III. Demographics of the Sample Current Position ▪ Note that for further analyses, some respondent groups were combined.1 1 Respondents from the office of the President, Prime Minister were combined with the respondents from the office of a minister; respondents from bilateral agencies were combined with those from multilateral agencies; respondents from the financial sector/private banks were combined with those from private sector organizations; respondents from NGOs/ community-based organizations, trade unions, faith-based groups, and youth groups were included into the “CSO” category. The small number of the parliamentarians, respondents from local governments, independent government institutions, the judicial system, academia/research institutes/think tanks, and media were included in the “Other” category. There were no respondents from private foundations. 4 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Area of Primary Specialization 5 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Geographic Locations Exposure to Agencies within the World Bank Group 6 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti III. Demographics of the Sample (continued) Familiarity with the World Bank Group ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in this year’s Country Survey had significantly higher levels of familiarity with the WBG compared to respondents in the FY’18 Country Survey (weighted mean in FY’21 = 7.2; weighted mean in FY’18 = 6.1)2. ▪ Impact of familiarity: Respondents’ ratings of familiarity3 with the WBG were significantly, strongly correlated with their ratings for the WBG’s overall effectiveness4 in Haiti, with their agreement that the WBG plays a relevant role in development in Haiti, and with their ratings of the extent to which the WBG’s work helps achieve development results in Haiti. 2 The means in the chart were calculated based on unweighted data. Please refer to Appendix D (page 87) for more details on weighting. 3In FY 2021, the question about familiarity was asked separately about the World Bank and the IFC (B1_1 and B1_2). Only variable B1_1 (World Bank) was used in this calculation. 4In FY 2021, the question about effectiveness was asked separately about the World Bank and the IFC (B4_1 and B4_2). Only variable B4_1 (World Bank) was used in this calculation. 7 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context Headed in the Right Direction5 Perceptions of Economic Opportunity 5 Percentages presented in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 8 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) Development Priority ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the most important development priorities in Haiti were “education” (48%), “public sector governance/reform” (39%), “anti-corruption” (21%), “agriculture and rural development” (20%), “security/stabilization” (17%), and “energy” (16%). In FY21, “health”, which was not a very prominent priority in FY18 (7%), became second most important development priority in Haiti. ▪ Specialization: Respondents who identified their primary specialization of work as “education” (48% of the sample) were significantly more likely to indicate that “education” was the most important development priority in Haiti, compared to the rest of the respondents (education specialists = 84%; others = 40%).6 6 When more than 10% of the sample are respondents from a particular sector (see the full list of specialized areas in question H2 in Appendix F), analyses are done to see these respondents’ views about the development priorities in the country. 9 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) What Would Contribute Most to Reducing Poverty ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the biggest contributors to poverty reduction in Haiti were “job creation/employment” (40%), “agriculture and rural development” (39%), “economic growth” (36%), “education” (28%), “anti-corruption” (27%), and “public sector governance/reform” (25%). ▪ Specialization: Respondents who identified their primary specialization of work as “education” (48% of the sample) were significantly more likely to indicate that “education” would contribute the most to poverty reduction in Haiti compared to the rest of the respondents (education specialists = 47%; others = 23%).7 7 When more than 10% of the sample are respondents from a particular sector (see the full list of specialized areas in question H2 in Appendix F), analyses are done to see these respondents’ views about which areas of development contribute most to poverty reduction in the country. 10 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) COVID-19 Pandemic: Where the Government of Haiti Should Focus Efforts 11 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) Trust in Institutions 12 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) Haiti as a Fragile State ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the characteristics that best illustrate fragility in Haiti were “high levels of corruption” (44%), “weak institutional capacity” (35%), “political uncertainty/instability” (32%), and “policy inconsistency” (23%). In FY21, according to the respondents, “lack of security” became the most significant source of fragility in the country (48%, compared to only 8% in FY18). 13 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IV. Overall Context (continued) Attributions for Slow/Failed Reform Efforts 14 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti V. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group The World Bank Group’s Overall Effectiveness8(Indicator Question) Achieving Development Results (Indicator Question) Influence on Haiti’s Development Agenda (Indicator Question) 8 Means in the first two charts on this page were calculated based on weighted data. 15 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti V. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) WBG Staffing in Haiti9 WBG Staff Preparedness 9 Means in the charts on this page were calculated based on weighted data. 16 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti V. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Overall Ratings for Indicator Questions by Stakeholder Groups ▪ Collaboration: Respondents who collaborate with the WBG had significantly higher mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the thirty COS indicator questions (mean rating = 7.7) compared to respondents who do not collaborate with the WBG (mean rating = 6.7). This year’s collaborators had significantly higher mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the indicator questions10 compared to the collaborators in FY’18 Country Survey (mean rating in FY’18 = 6.2; mean rating in FY’21=7.7). Responses for individual indicator questions by exposure to the WBG can be found in Appendix E (page 93). ▪ Stakeholder groups: Respondents from state-owned enterprises, ministries, and other organizations had the highest mean ratings for the aggregated responses to the thirty COS indicator questions, whereas respondents from the office of the private/financial sector had significantly lower mean ratings. Responses for individual indicator questions by stakeholder groups can be found in Appendix B (page 63). 10 This calculation is based on unweighted data. Only the means for 26 out of the 30 indicator questions were included in this calculation. These were the questions that were asked both in FY18 and FY21. In FY 2021, the question about effectiveness was asked separately about the World Bank and the IFC (B4_1 and B4_2); only variable B4_1 (World Bank) was included in this calculation. 17 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti V. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Greatest Value ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the WBG’s greatest values to Haiti were “financial resources” (27%), “bringing together different groups of stakeholders to discuss and address critical development issues” (36%), and “technical assistance” (28%). 18 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti V. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) Greatest Weakness ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the WBG’s greatest weaknesses in its work in Haiti were “not aligned with country priorities” (24%), “not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Haiti” (19%) and “World Bank Group’s processes too slow” (17%). 19 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VI. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas: Year Comparison11 11 Means presented in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. See Appendix D for details. 20 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VI. WBG’s Support in Development Areas (continued) Effectiveness of WBG’s Support in Sectoral Areas: Collaboration12 12 Note in the Appendix on the sectoral effectiveness (Appendix A, page 43) that primarily informed stakeholders responded to this question. Respondents were given the option of “don’t know” if they did not have exposure to the WBG’s work in certain development areas. 21 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VI. WBG’s Support in Development Areas (continued) Helping the Poorest13 Support related to COVID-19 outbreak 13 Percentages presented in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 22 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground The World Bank Group’s Work in Haiti: Year Comparison14 The World Bank Group’s Work in Haiti: Collaboration 14 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 23 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Overall Perceptions: Year Comparison15 15 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 24 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Overall Perceptions: Collaboration 25 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) The WBG as an Effective Development Partner: Year Comparison16 16 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 26 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) The WBG as an Effective Development Partner: Collaboration 27 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VII. WBG’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) Effectiveness of WBG’s Support17 17 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 28 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments Frequency of Consulting WBG Knowledge Work and Activities Meeting Haiti’s Knowledge Needs18 (Indicator Question) 18 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 29 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Contribution of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities (Indicator Question) Technical Quality of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities (Indicator Question) 30 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Qualities of the WBG’s Knowledge Work and Activities19 19 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 31 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti VIII. World Bank Group’s Knowledge and Instruments (continued) Usefulness of the COVID-19 “Approach Paper” Meeting Haiti’s Needs for Financial Instruments20 (Indicator Question) WBG’s Global Advocacy Role (Indicator Question) 20 Means in this chart were calculated based on weighted data. 32 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IX. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Haiti Making the World Bank Group of Greater Value ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should “reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group financing” (30%) and “increase the level of capacity development in the country” (30%) to make itself of greater value in Haiti. 33 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Haiti (continued) The World Bank Group Should Collaborate More with … ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should collaborate more with “academia/think tanks/research institutes” (39%) and “local government” (37%) to ensure better development results in Haiti. 34 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Haiti (continued) Where the World Bank Group Should Focus its Resources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that the WBG should focus its resources on “education” (39%), “public sector governance/reform” (31%), “agriculture and rural development” (28%), “energy” (23%), and “job creation/ employment” (21%). “Health” emerged among the top areas of the WBG focus, with significant increase from 7% in FY’18 to 26% in FY’21. ▪ Specialization: Respondents who identified their primary specialization of work as “education” (21% of the sample) were significantly more likely to indicate that the WBG should focus most of its resources on “education”, compared to the rest of respondents (education specialists = 80%; others = 24%).21 21 When more than 10% of the sample are respondents from a particular sector (see the full list of specialized areas in question H2 in Appendix F), analyses are done to see these respondents’ views about which areas the World Bank Group should focus most of its resources on. 35 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Haiti (continued) The WBG Playing a Leading Role vs. Other Donors 36 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti IX. The Future Role of the WBG in Haiti (continued) Partnering with Other Organizations 37 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti X. Communication and Outreach Note: When considering the World Bank Group’s future outreach with key constituencies, please see Appendix B (page 63) for selected responses by stakeholder groups. General Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that they got most of their information about economic and social development issues in Haiti from the “Internet” (58%). 38 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti X. Communication and Outreach (continued) Preferred Information Sources ▪ Year comparison: Respondents in the previous FY’18 Country Survey indicated that they would prefer to receive information from the WBG through “WBG’s seminars/ workshops/conferences” (46%), “WBG’s publications and other written materials” (44%), “direct contact with WBG” (39%), and through “e-Newsletters” (32%). 39 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti X. Communication and Outreach (continued) Internet connection Devices used to access WBG website WBG Interaction Frequency 40 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti X. Communication and Outreach (continued) Frequency of Specific WBG Interactions 41 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti XI. Appendices A. Responses to All Questions Across All Respondents..................... 43 B. Responses to Selected Questions by Stakeholder Groups ............ 63 C. Responses to Selected Questions by Levels of Collaboration with the World Bank Group.......................................................... 78 D. Responses to Selected Questions by Year..................................... 87 E. Indicator Questions as a Function of Exposure to the WBG.......... 93 F. Haiti FY 2021 COS Questionnaire.................................................. 94 HAITI 42 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti Appendix A: Responses to All Questions across All Respondents (N=180) All rating scale questions are presented with the total number of respondents that provided a rating (N), the number of respondents who indicated that they “Don’t know” (DK), the mean rating across all respondents (Mean), and the standard deviation of this mean (SD). Indicator questions are noted with an asterisk (*). A. Overall Context 1. In general, would you say that Haiti is headed in ... ? Percentage of Respondents (N=170) The right direction 18.2% The wrong direction 59.4% Not sure 22.4% 2. Do you think that economic opportunity for citizens in Haiti is … ? Percentage of Respondents (N=173) Increasing 22.5% Decreasing 62.4% Staying about the same 15.0% 43 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti A. Overall Context (continued) 3. Listed below are a number of development priorities in Haiti. Please identify which of the following you consider the most important development priorities in Haiti. (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=175) Education 60.6% Health 28.0% Job creation/employment 25.1% Anti-corruption 24.0% Agriculture and rural development 23.4% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) 20.6% Security and stabilization 18.3% Poverty reduction 11.4% Judiciary reform 11.4% Food security 10.3% Economic growth 9.1% Crime and violence 8.0% Energy 6.3% Global pandemics (e.g., COVID-19) 5.1% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social safety nets) 5.1% Urban development 4.6% Water and sanitation 2.9% Global/regional integration 2.3% Local governance and institutions 2.3% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 2.3% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 2.3% Disaster risk management 2.3% Social cohesion 1.7% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 1.7% Private sector development 1.7% Information and communications technology 1.1% Response to disease (e.g., diphtheria, measles, cholera resurgence, filariasis, malaria, dengue fever, scabies) 1.1% Financial markets 0.6% Natural resource management (i.e., coastal and marine resources, agroforestry, bauxite, copper and gold) 0.6% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 0.6% Gender based violence 0.0% Trade and exports 0.0% Pollution 0.0% National debt 0.0% 44 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti A. Overall Context (continued) 4. Poverty reduction is a broad term that encompasses work in many different areas. Which 3 areas of development listed below do you believe would contribute most to reducing poverty in Haiti? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=178) Job creation/employment 43.8% Education 34.3% Anti-corruption 31.5% Agriculture and rural development 30.3% Economic growth 27.5% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) 17.4% Security and stabilization 10.7% Food security 10.1% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 7.9% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social safety nets) 7.9% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 7.3% Disaster risk management 6.7% Judiciary reform 6.7% Energy 6.2% Health 5.6% Natural resource management (i.e., coastal and marine resources, agroforestry, bauxite, copper and gold) 5.1% Trade and exports 4.5% Private sector development 4.5% Financial markets 4.5% Local governance and institutions 3.9% Crime and violence 3.4% Social cohesion 2.8% Urban development 2.8% Global/regional integration 2.8% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 2.2% Information and communications technology 1.1% Water and sanitation 0.6% Gender based violence 0.6% National debt 0.6% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 0.0% Response to disease (e.g., diphtheria, measles, cholera resurgence, filariasis, malaria, dengue fever, scabies) 0.0% Pollution 0.0% 45 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti A. Overall Context (continued) 5. The COVID-19 pandemic has stressed many aspects of Haiti’s growth and development. In which areas would you like to see the Haiti government focus most of its efforts related to the impact of COVID-19 over the next six months to a year? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=174) Healthcare 56.9% Fair and equal distribution of a COVID-19 vaccine, when one is approved 41.4% Education 29.3% Economic growth 24.7% Ensuring sustainable business growth and job creation 22.4% Ensuring that girls and women have equal access to health care/health services 20.7% Public service delivery (e.g., strengthening policies, institutions) 19.5% Nutrition/food security/agriculture 19.5% Providing direct non-financial (e.g., food, healthcare supplies, etc.) support to citizens 19.0% Poverty and inequality (e.g., strengthening the social safety net, social assistance) 14.9% Providing direct financial support to businesses (business support packages) 12.6% Ensuring that girls and women have equal access to job opportunities 5.2% Other 4.0% 6. When economic and/or social reform efforts fail or are slow to take place in Haiti, which of the following would you attribute this to? (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=151) Corruption 57.0% Inadequate level of government accountability 27.8% Political pressures and obstacles 26.5% Ongoing conflict and instability 24.5% Inadequate level of capacity in the government 13.9% Reforms are not well thought out in light of country challenges 13.2% Inadequate funding 9.9% Inadequate level of private sector participation 7.3% Pressure from vested interest groups (e.g., private sector, unions) 6.6% Inadequate level of citizen/civil society participation 6.0% Inadequate level of donor coordination 4.0% Other 0.7% 46 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti A. Overall Context (continued) 7. To what extent do you trust each of the following groups to do what is right? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Degree N DK Mean SD 1. The national/federal government 121 36 3.90 2.80 2. Bilateral organizations (e.g., USAID, DFID, JICA, GIZ, etc.) 137 19 6.13 2.82 3. The World Bank Group* 156 7 7.21 2.82 4. The International Monetary Fund 127 20 5.78 2.91 5. The United Nations (UN) 129 23 4.95 2.94 6. The World Health Organization (WHO) 145 14 6.40 2.83 7. Regional development banks 118 31 5.35 2.83 8. Haiti’s Central Bank 137 18 5.39 2.74 9. International private sector 115 35 5.41 2.73 10. Domestic private sector 132 21 4.05 2.68 11. International civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 133 19 5.25 2.81 12. Local civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 137 14 5.26 2.79 13. Youth organizations 140 14 6.23 2.79 14. Faith-based institutions 116 36 5.09 2.62 15. Domestic traditional media and their web presence (e.g., newspapers, TV stations, radio) 136 22 4.98 2.79 16. International media and their web presence 124 31 5.09 2.59 17. Web based media (i.e., blogs, social media, other web-based news and information sources) 127 29 4.21 2.46 8. When considering the characteristics of a fragile state, please identify which of the following best illustrate fragility in Haiti. (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (N=161) Lack of security (i.e., riots, conflict and violence) 48.4% High levels of corruption 37.3% Crime and violence 24.8% Weak institutional capacity 23.0% Food insecurity 11.8% Weak accountability 11.8% Political uncertainty 10.6% Brain and labor drain 9.9% Lack of access to development finance 5.0% Weak social cohesion 4.3% Low levels of political and economic inclusion 4.3% Policy inconsistency 3.7% None. I do not consider Haiti a fragile state. 0.6% Other 0.0% 9. Thinking more specifically about an eventual coronavirus/COVID-19 vaccine that is made available in your country, please indicate whether you agree/disagree with each of the following statements. N DK Level of Agreement Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither agree nor disagree Somewhat agree Strongly agree 1. The COVID-19 vaccine will be safe 123 47 9.8% 16.3% 24.4% 25.2% 24.4% 2. The COVID-19 vaccine will be effective 119 48 8.4% 12.6% 19.3% 31.1% 28.6% 3. I will get the COVID-19 vaccine if I can 127 37 21.3% 10.2% 7.1% 14.2% 47.2% 47 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group 1. How familiar are you with the work of these organizations in Haiti? (1-Not familiar at all, 10-Extremely familiar) Familiarity N DK Mean SD 1. The World Bank (IDA) 167 n/a 7.27 3.15 2. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s private sector arm 160 n/a 5.34 3.24 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group’s work in Haiti? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) Level of Agreement N DK Mean SD 2. Overall the World Bank Group currently plays a relevant role in development in Haiti* 162 10 7.70 2.72 3. The World Bank Group’s work is aligned with what I consider the development priorities for Haiti* 144 24 6.98 2.92 4. Overall, please rate your impression of the effectiveness of these organizations in Haiti. (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) Effectiveness N DK Mean SD 1. The World Bank (IDA)* 136 35 7.18 2.77 2. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the World Bank Group’s private sector arm* 109 59 5.75 3.03 Achieving Development Results N DK Mean SD 5. To what extent does the World Bank Group’s work help to achieve development results in Haiti?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 158 12 7.44 2.92 Influencing the Development Agenda N DK Mean SD 6. To what extent does the World Bank Group influence the development agenda in Haiti?* (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 149 20 7.75 2.78 7. To what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s work and support help the poorest in Haiti? (Select only 1 response) Percentage of Respondents (N=171) To a fully sufficient degree 32.7% To a somewhat sufficient degree 31.6% To a somewhat insufficient degree 14.0% To a very insufficient degree 9.4% Don’t know 12.3% 48 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) 8. When thinking about the World Bank Group’s role in Haiti, which activity do you VALUE the most? (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=169) Capacity development related to World Bank Group supported projects 33.7% Financial resources 29.6% Implementation support 26.6% Technical assistance 23.1% Public Expenditure Reviews 13.6% Mobilizing third party financial resources 11.8% Donor coordination 11.8% Promoting knowledge sharing 10.7% Formal policy advice, studies, analyses 8.9% Data and statistics 8.9% Bringing together different groups of stakeholders/convening power 4.7% Strategy formulation (e.g., PRSP assistance) 3.6% Informal advice that World Bank Group’s staff provides (e.g., memos, short evidence notes, informal discussions and emails) 3.6% Global advocacy 3.6% Other 0.0% 9. Which of the following do you identify as the World Bank Group’s greatest WEAKNESSES in its work in Haiti? (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=167) World Bank Group’s processes too slow and complex 19.8% Not aligned with country priorities 18.0% Not adequately sensitive to political/social realities in Haiti 15.6% Not willing to honestly criticize policies and reform efforts in the country 15.0% Not focused enough on issues that are unique to fragile countries 14.4% Not enough public disclosure of its work 13.8% Inadequate World Bank Group’s staffing in Haiti 12.0% Not sufficiently focused on sustainable results 10.8% Not collaborating enough with civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 9.6% Not collaborating enough with private sector 9.0% Don’t know 6.6% Not collaborating enough with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust funds, UN 6.0% Not adequately flexible in changing country circumstances 6.0% Inadequate number of innovative knowledge products and services 6.0% Staff too inaccessible 5.4% Too influenced by developed countries 5.4% Inadequate number of innovative financial products and services 5.4% Arrogant in its approach 4.8% Inadequate level of real-time advice and guidance 1.8% Other 1.2% 49 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) 10. When thinking about how the World Bank Group can have the most impact on development results in Haiti, which sectors do you believe the World Bank Group should prioritize with its resources (financial and knowledge services) in Haiti? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=171) Education 52.0% Job creation/employment 27.5% Health 25.7% Anti-corruption 20.5% Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) 18.7% Agriculture and rural development 18.1% Economic growth 12.9% Security and stabilization 12.3% Poverty reduction 9.9% Food security 9.4% Financial markets 6.4% Crime and violence 5.8% Energy 5.3% Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 5.3% Social protection (e.g., pensions, targeted social safety nets) 4.7% Private sector development 4.7% Judiciary reform 4.7% Water and sanitation 4.7% Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 4.1% Local governance and institutions 4.1% Global pandemics (e.g., COVID-19) 3.5% Gender based violence 2.9% Global/regional integration 2.9% Urban development 2.3% Information and communications technology 2.3% Pollution 1.8% Natural resource management (i.e., coastal and marine resources, agroforestry, bauxite, copper and gold) 1.8% National debt 1.2% Disaster risk management 1.2% Trade and exports 1.2% Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 1.2% Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 0.0% Social cohesion 0.0% Response to disease (e.g., diphtheria, measles, cholera resurgence, filariasis, malaria, dengue fever, scabies) 0.0% 50 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank Group (continued) 11. What do you immediately think of when you hear about the IFC? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=161) World Bank 43.5% Multi-lateral financial institution 39.8% Investment bank 34.8% Don’t know 21.7% Financial advisory solutions 19.9% Development institution 18.6% Private sector solutions 15.5% Public-private partnerships 14.3% Impact investor 8.1% Innovation and entrepreneurship 5.6% Asset manager 4.3% None of the above 3.7% Venture capital 2.5% Thought leader 1.2% Other 1.2% C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground Staff Preparedness N DK Mean SD 1. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group’s staff is well prepared (e.g., skills mix and knowledge) to help Haiti solve its most complicated development challenges? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 138 33 8.14 2.59 Staffing adequacy N DK Mean SD 2. To what extent do you believe the World Bank Group is adequately staffed in Haiti? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) 92 77 5.70 3.04 51 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) To what extent is the World Bank Group an effective development partner in Haiti, in terms of each of the following? (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Degree N DK Mean SD 3. Responsiveness to needs* 128 34 6.71 2.83 4. Flexibility (in terms of the institution’s products and services)* 116 42 6.34 2.93 5. Flexibility (in terms of changing country circumstances)* 108 47 6.16 2.96 6. Being inclusive* 125 32 6.66 2.82 7. Openness (sharing data and other information)* 116 37 6.87 2.73 8. Collaboration with the Government* 129 31 7.67 2.55 9. The speed in which it gets things accomplished on the ground* 127 27 6.03 3.08 10. Helping to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of investment projects* 120 33 7.37 2.93 11. Collaboration with civil society* 117 34 6.41 2.98 12. Staff accessibility* 113 36 6.67 3.03 13. Collaboration with other donors and development partners* 110 48 7.01 2.88 14. Collaboration with the private sector* 100 51 6.20 3.09 15. Collaboration with the UN* 94 59 7.64 2.48 16. Straightforwardness and honesty* 122 30 7.61 2.71 17. Treating clients and stakeholders in Haiti with respect* 126 30 7.65 2.66 18. Being a long-term partner* 98 56 7.61 2.56 19. Acting with compassion and empathy 96 51 6.50 2.83 20. Insisting on accountability through its lending (e.g., performance-based financing/resources tied to results) 108 43 7.24 2.66 21. Measuring results effectively 115 38 7.15 2.77 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) Level of Agreement N DK Mean SD 22. The World Bank Group disburses funds promptly 119 44 5.55 3.13 23. The World Bank Group effectively monitors and evaluates the projects and programs it supports 142 22 8.27 2.38 24. The World Bank Group’s approvals and reviews are done in a timely fashion 117 46 7.31 2.85 25. The World Bank Group’s Environmental and Social Framework requirements are reasonable 91 67 7.53 2.58 26. The World Bank Group’s conditions on its lending are reasonable 83 74 7.35 2.57 27. The World Bank Group takes decisions quickly in Haiti* 97 61 5.59 2.98 28. Working with the World Bank Group increases Haiti’s institutional capacity 138 25 7.57 2.79 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements about the World Bank Group in Haiti? (1-Strongly disagree, 10-Strongly agree) N DK Mean SD 29. The World Bank Group’s financial instruments (i.e., investment lending/grants, Development Policy Operations, Trust Funds, etc.) meet the needs of Haiti* 116 44 6.81 3.09 30. The World Bank Group meets Haiti’s needs for knowledge services (e.g., research, analysis, data, technical assistance)* 139 21 7.55 2.71 52 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti C. World Bank Group’s Work and Engagement on the Ground (continued) COVID-19 “Approach Paper” (1- Not useful at all, 10-Very useful) N DK Mean SD 31. The World Bank Group has provided real time advice and guidance to the government and policy makers, built on its COVID-19 “Approach Paper” published soon after the outbreak. Please rate the usefulness of this more informal advice and guidance (e.g., informal discussions, memos, informal working papers) to the Haiti government’s efforts to support citizens throughout this crisis? 84 74 7.48 2.82 Global role of advocacy N DK Mean SD 32. How important is the World Bank Group’s global advocacy role in areas such as climate, health, gender, and debt?* (1-Not important at all, 10-Very important) 113 44 8.39 2.23 How effectively does the World Bank Group support Haiti’s efforts … ? (1-Not effectively at all, 10-Very effectively) Effectiveness N DK Mean SD 33. To build stronger domestic resource mobilization systems in the Government (e.g., tax collection) 115 46 6.87 3.15 34. To develop better and stronger data collection/analytics systems within the Government 123 37 7.67 2.50 35. To strengthen the country’s crisis preparedness 131 28 7.21 2.99 53 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas 1. How EFFECTIVE do you believe the World Bank Group is in terms of the work it does in the following areas of development in Haiti? (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) Effectiveness N DK Mean SD 1. Social protection (e.g., pensions, (e.g., pensions, targeted social safety nets) 56 96 6.34 2.66 2. Gender equity (closing the gap between women and men, and boys and girls) 79 73 7.27 2.73 3. Private sector development 71 80 6.42 2.80 4. Education 127 27 8.28 2.34 5. Public sector governance/reform (i.e., government effectiveness, public financial management, public expenditure, fiscal system reform) 89 67 6.67 3.14 6. Regional integration 67 80 6.63 2.99 7. Food security 102 51 7.22 2.91 8. Urban development 92 61 6.30 2.95 9. Energy 69 80 5.78 3.23 10. Water and sanitation 98 52 7.12 2.83 11. Environment 103 44 6.92 2.90 12. Job creation/employment 101 48 6.58 3.10 13. Health (maternal mortality, child mortality, communicable diseases) 83 67 7.02 2.93 14. Financial markets 65 84 6.31 3.02 15. Transport (e.g., roads, bridges, transportation) 86 65 7.10 2.54 16. Agriculture and rural development 89 58 6.89 2.98 17. Trade and exports 60 86 5.70 3.04 18. Natural resource management (i.e., coastal and marine resources, agroforestry, bauxite, copper and gold) 64 84 6.45 3.18 19. Climate change (e.g., mitigation, adaptation) 68 82 6.04 2.97 20. Poverty reduction 99 50 6.65 3.19 21. Anti-corruption 81 70 5.96 3.49 22. Economic growth 103 45 6.41 3.05 23. Disaster risk management 90 59 7.14 2.77 24. Equality of opportunity (i.e., social inclusion) 68 76 6.68 2.89 25. Response to disease (e.g., vaccination, cholera and infectious disease, Covid 19, prenatal care surveillance systems, etc.) 86 66 7.13 2.85 26. Information and communications technology 63 85 6.86 2.80 27. Gender based violence 54 94 5.59 3.08 28. Local governance and institutions 71 75 6.58 2.75 29. Social cohesion 62 89 6.39 2.91 54 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti D. World Bank Group’s Support in Development Areas (continued) 2. The World Bank Group has provided fast track support to Haiti related to the outbreak of COVID-19 since early 2020. Please rate the World Bank Group’s effectiveness when considering this fast track support, if and as it applies to your country, in the following areas: (1-Not effective at all, 10-Very effective) Effectiveness N NA DK Mean SD 1. Supporting health interventions for saving lives 100 4 55 7.31 2.70 2. Education (e.g., transitioning to remote learning, ensuring access, etc.) 97 9 49 6.72 3.16 3. Protecting poor people (social assistance/ social safety nets) 82 3 70 5.90 3.07 4. Ensuring sustainable business growth and job creation 68 10 76 6.24 3.12 5. Strengthening policies, institutions and investments for rebuilding better 76 5 76 6.09 3.19 6. Macroeconomic stability and transparent debt management 54 6 96 5.83 3.08 7. Supporting improvements in transport and municipal infrastructure necessary for post-COVID recovery and growth 69 5 83 6.06 3.15 8. Supporting the agriculture sector to improve the food security situation 81 5 71 6.47 3.10 E. World Bank Group’s Knowledge Work and Activities 1. How frequently do you consult World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities in the work you do? Percentage of Respondents (N=153) Weekly 13.7% Monthly 26.8% A few times a year 33.3% Rarely 13.7% Never 12.4% In Haiti, to what extent do you believe that the World Bank Group’s knowledge work and activities: (1-To no degree at all, 10-To a very significant degree) Degree N DK Mean SD 2. Are timely 120 38 7.17 2.45 3. Include appropriate level of stakeholder involvement during preparation 98 54 6.71 2.47 4. Lead to practical solutions 124 33 7.22 2.66 5. Are source of relevant information on global good practices 95 58 7.51 2.35 6. Are adequately disseminated 100 48 6.76 2.63 7. Are translated enough into local language 113 39 6.84 3.24 8. Are adaptable to Haiti’s specific development challenges and country circumstances* 112 45 7.19 2.61 Overall Evaluations N DK Mean SD 9. Overall, how significant a contribution do you believe the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities make to development results in your country?* (1-Not significant at all, 10-Very significant) 144 15 7.42 2.76 10. Overall, how would you rate the technical quality of the World Bank Group's knowledge work and activities?* (1-Very low technical quality, 10-Very high technical quality) 128 32 7.62 2.46 55 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Haiti 1. Which of the following SHOULD the World Bank Group do to make itself of greater value in Haiti? (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=163) Increase the level of capacity development in the country 23.9% Collaborate more effectively with Government clients (e.g., national, state, local) 21.5% Help to bring discipline/effective supervision to implementation of World Bank Group projects 20.2% Work faster 17.2% Reduce the complexity of obtaining World Bank Group financing 17.2% Improve the quality of its experts as related to Haiti’s specific challenges 15.3% Engage more effectively with civil society (e.g., NGOs, CBOs) 14.7% Engage more directly with beneficiaries 14.1% Offer more innovative financial products and services 11.7% Increase the level of World Bank Group staffing in Haiti’s office 11.0% Engage more effectively with private sector 9.2% Offer more innovative knowledge products and services 6.1% Engage more effectively with partners such as bilaterals, multilaterals, trust funds, UN 4.3% Provide more adequate data/knowledge/statistics/figures on Haiti’s economy 4.3% Ensure greater selectivity in its work 3.7% Offer more real-time advice and guidance 3.1% Other 0.6% 2A. Which 3 areas below would benefit most from the World Bank Group playing a leading role among international partners in Haiti? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=149) Human capital (education, health, social protection) 53.7% Public financial management 32.2% Food security 28.2% Stimulating dialogue to promote peace and stability 26.2% Capacity of state institutions 24.8% Jobs 24.2% Access to basic services 18.1% Improving livelihoods 14.1% Crisis response 14.1% Support domestic resource mobilization 9.4% Crisis preparedness 9.4% Security mechanisms 8.1% Social safety nets 6.7% Access to justice systems 6.0% Reducing gender-based violence 5.4% Social cohesion 3.4% Conflict resolution mechanisms 2.0% 56 World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey 2021: Haiti F. The Future Role of the World Bank Group in Haiti (continued) 2B. Which 3 areas below would benefit most from other donors in Haiti? (Choose no more than 3) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=147) Human capital (education, health, social protection) 42.9% Food security 29.9% Stimulating dialogue to promote peace and stability 26.5% Access to basic services 20.4% Public financial management 19.7% Jobs 18.4% Crisis response 17.7% Support domestic resource mobilization 16.3% Improving livelihoods 15.6% Access to justice systems 15.0% Crisis preparedness 15.0% Capacity of state institutions 13.6% Security mechanisms 10.2% Reducing gender-based violence 8.2% Social safety nets 8.2% Conflict resolution mechanisms 6.1% Social cohesion 4.1% 3. In addition to the regular relations with the national government, which TWO of the following groups should the World Bank Group collaborate with more in your country? (Choose no more than 2) Percentage of Respondents (Responses Combined; N=160) Local government 33.8% Beneficiaries 25.6% Academia/think tanks/research institutes 25.6% NGOs/Community Based Organizations 24.4% Youth/university groups 23.8