{ "aggregates": { "component": { "BTSX": { "aggregate": true } } }, "annotations": [ { "date": "2018-07", "description": { "en": "Violent nationwide protests after IMF-required fuel-subsidy cut; dozens killed. PM resignation." }, "id": "2018_pep_riots", "label": { "en": "July 2018 fuel-price riots", "fr": "\u00c9meutes du carburant (juil. 2018)", "ht": "Pwotestasyon kont pri gaz (jiy\u00e8 2018)" }, "type": "political" }, { "date": "2020-03", "description": { "en": "Schools closed, borders shut, economic activity contracted sharply." }, "id": "2020_covid", "label": { "en": "COVID-19 state of emergency", "fr": "Urgence sanitaire COVID-19", "ht": "Eta ijans COVID-19" }, "type": "health" }, { "date": "2021-07", "description": { "en": "July 7, 2021. Acute constitutional vacuum, gang expansion, capital-flight." }, "id": "2021_moise_assassination", "label": { "en": "President Mo\u00efse assassinated", "fr": "Assassinat du pr\u00e9sident Mo\u00efse", "ht": "Prezidan Mo\u00efse asasine" }, "type": "political" }, { "date": "2022-09", "description": { "en": "Blocked fuel terminals; humanitarian emergency; PM Henry announces subsidy removal." }, "id": "2022_fuel_subsidy_crisis", "label": { "en": "Sept 2022 fuel crisis", "fr": "Crise du carburant (sept. 2022)", "ht": "Kriz gaz (sept. 2022)" }, "type": "political" } ], "default_view": { "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE" }, "description": { "en": "**Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in Haiti**, from the WHO/UNFPA/\nUNICEF/World Bank joint Trends in Maternal Mortality estimates. Haiti's\nmaternal mortality ratio is among the highest in the Americas, reflecting\nlimited skilled birth attendance, weak referral systems, and high adolescent\nfertility. The ratio has declined from nearly 1,000 in the 1990s to\napproximately 350-400 in recent estimates, but remains far above the\nLatin America and Caribbean regional average.\n\nThe series has no sex disaggregation (maternal mortality is by definition\nfemale-specific; the denominator is live births).\n" }, "dim_labels": { "area_type": { "en": "Geographic coverage" }, "component": { "en": "WHO Sex Dimension" }, "measure": { "en": "WHO Health Indicator Measures" } }, "document_series": [], "domain": "context", "downloadable": true, "facets": { "adjustment": [ "NSA" ], "area_type": [ "NATIONAL" ], "component": [ "BTSX" ], "frequency": [ "A" ], "measure": [ "VALUE" ] }, "indicator_id": "maternal_mortality_ratio", "labels": { "area_type": { "NATIONAL": { "description": "Country-wide total.", "en": "National", "fr": "National", "ht": "Nasyonal" } }, "component": { "BTSX": { "description": "Both sexes combined (the headline aggregate).", "description_fr": "Les deux sexes combin\u00e9s (total principal).", "description_ht": "Toul\u00e8de s\u00e8ks ansanm (total prensipal la).", "en": "Both sexes", "fr": "Les deux sexes", "ht": "Toul\u00e8de s\u00e8ks" } }, "frequency": { "A": { "en": "Annual", "fr": "Annuel", "ht": "Chak ane" } }, "measure": { "VALUE": { "description": "The authoritative numeric value as published by the WHO GHO. Units vary by indicator: years for life expectancy; deaths per 1,000 live births for mortality rates; percent for immunization coverage and stunting; index 0-100 for the UHC service coverage index.\n", "description_fr": "La valeur num\u00e9rique faisant autorit\u00e9 telle que publi\u00e9e par l'OMS GHO. Les unit\u00e9s varient selon l'indicateur.\n", "description_ht": "Val\u00e8 nimerik otorizasyon jan OMS GHO pibliye li. Inite yo varye selon endikasyon an.\n", "en": "Observed value", "fr": "Valeur observ\u00e9e", "ht": "Val\u00e8 obs\u00e8ve" } } }, "name": { "en": "Maternal mortality ratio", "fr": "Taux de mortalit\u00e9 maternelle", "ht": "To motalite mat\u00e8n\u00e8l" }, "observations": [ { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1988", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 929.3152356, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1994", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 710.2268078, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2021", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 384.6512029, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1998", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 511.4602419, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1987", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 951.716904, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2001", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 428.1749605, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2022", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 330.8486443, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2020", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 346.2572748, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1995", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 638.1759267, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1999", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 463.5284194, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2016", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 356.1367594, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2003", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 384.7108467, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2017", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 350.6207314, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2000", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 439.6234273, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2014", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 372.7467022, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1990", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 874.2239698, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2006", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 367.6344653, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2011", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 409.2769668, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2018", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 358.4647528, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1997", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 551.1774217, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1996", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 588.3773024, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2008", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 394.0857087, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1989", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 899.6303606, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2005", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 355.0723614, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1991", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 831.4643901, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1986", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 974.9855158, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1985", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 990.6973268, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2023", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 327.5638327, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2007", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 382.5966124, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1993", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 746.6541783, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2019", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 350.6243203, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2012", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 385.2959963, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2013", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 380.3609216, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2002", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 410.3823591, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2004", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 427.2679615, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2015", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 363.7478263, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "1992", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 793.2779683, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2010", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 396.4023241, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" }, { "area_type": "NATIONAL", "component": "BTSX", "frequency": "A", "measure": "VALUE", "period": "2009", "source_id": "who_gho", "status": "observed", "value": 396.6896752, "vintage_date": "2026-06-30" } ], "sector": "health", "sectors": [ "HX" ], "source": { "document_series": [], "format": "api", "frequency_published": "annual", "id": "who_gho", "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO, World Health Organization Global Health Observatory. https://www.who.int/about/policies/publishing/data-policy/", "methodology_note": "## WHO Global Health Observatory\n\nThe GHO is the WHO's central repository of health statistics for its 194 member states. It\ndoes not collect the figures itself: it publishes what national vital registration systems,\nhousehold surveys (DHS, MICS) and facility reporting supply, harmonised through joint\nestimation processes run with UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.\n\n**What that means for Haiti.** Most GHO series for Haiti are modelled or adjusted rather\nthan directly observed, because vital registration is incomplete. The mortality series come\nfrom the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, the maternal series from the\nUN maternal mortality estimation group, immunisation coverage from WHO/UNICEF estimates, and\nstunting from the joint child malnutrition estimates. Each carries wide uncertainty and is\nrevised backwards when a new survey lands, so a single year's movement is rarely a finding.\n\nLife expectancy and healthy life expectancy are published biennially; the rest annually. The\ngap between the two is the years lived in less than full health, which is why healthy life\nexpectancy is always the lower of the pair.\n\nEach indicator's own note names the exact GHO code and definition behind it.\n\nAttribution: World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory. Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 3.0\nIGO.\n\n\nThe maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is the number of maternal deaths per 100,000\nlive births. The series uses the joint WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF/World Bank Trends in\nMaternal Mortality estimates (2000-2023 edition), which harmonise country-reported\nvital registration data, survey estimates, and statistical modelling to produce\ncomparable cross-country time series. Maternal death is defined as death during\npregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from causes aggravated\nby the pregnancy or its management.\n\nSource: WHO GHO indicator MDG_0000000026. No sex disaggregation (maternal\nmortality is female-specific; denominator is live births). Haiti's MMR remains\namong the highest in the Americas.\n\nAttribution: World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory (GHO).\nLicense: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.", "name": "WHO Global Health Observatory (GHO)", "name_localized": { "en": "WHO Global Health Observatory (GHO)", "fr": "OMS, Observatoire mondial de la sant\u00e9 (GHO)", "ht": "OMS, Obs\u00e8vatwa Mondyal Sante (GHO)" }, "provider": { "full": "World Health Organization", "short": "WHO", "type": "international_organization" }, "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho" }, "sources": { "who_gho": { "document_series": [], "format": "api", "frequency_published": "annual", "id": "who_gho", "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO, World Health Organization Global Health Observatory. https://www.who.int/about/policies/publishing/data-policy/", "methodology_note": "## WHO Global Health Observatory\n\nThe GHO is the WHO's central repository of health statistics for its 194 member states. It\ndoes not collect the figures itself: it publishes what national vital registration systems,\nhousehold surveys (DHS, MICS) and facility reporting supply, harmonised through joint\nestimation processes run with UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.\n\n**What that means for Haiti.** Most GHO series for Haiti are modelled or adjusted rather\nthan directly observed, because vital registration is incomplete. The mortality series come\nfrom the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, the maternal series from the\nUN maternal mortality estimation group, immunisation coverage from WHO/UNICEF estimates, and\nstunting from the joint child malnutrition estimates. Each carries wide uncertainty and is\nrevised backwards when a new survey lands, so a single year's movement is rarely a finding.\n\nLife expectancy and healthy life expectancy are published biennially; the rest annually. The\ngap between the two is the years lived in less than full health, which is why healthy life\nexpectancy is always the lower of the pair.\n\nEach indicator's own note names the exact GHO code and definition behind it.\n\nAttribution: World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory. Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 3.0\nIGO.\n\n\nThe maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is the number of maternal deaths per 100,000\nlive births. The series uses the joint WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF/World Bank Trends in\nMaternal Mortality estimates (2000-2023 edition), which harmonise country-reported\nvital registration data, survey estimates, and statistical modelling to produce\ncomparable cross-country time series. Maternal death is defined as death during\npregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from causes aggravated\nby the pregnancy or its management.\n\nSource: WHO GHO indicator MDG_0000000026. No sex disaggregation (maternal\nmortality is female-specific; denominator is live births). Haiti's MMR remains\namong the highest in the Americas.\n\nAttribution: World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory (GHO).\nLicense: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.", "name": "WHO Global Health Observatory (GHO)", "name_localized": { "en": "WHO Global Health Observatory (GHO)", "fr": "OMS, Observatoire mondial de la sant\u00e9 (GHO)", "ht": "OMS, Obs\u00e8vatwa Mondyal Sante (GHO)" }, "provider": { "full": "World Health Organization", "short": "WHO", "type": "international_organization" }, "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho" } }, "units": { "VALUE": "Deaths per 100,000 live births" }, "views": [ { "chart_type": "line", "default": true, "default_window": "all", "description": { "en": "Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in Haiti. Joint WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF/World Bank estimates. Haiti's MMR is among the highest in the Americas.", "fr": "D\u00e9c\u00e8s maternels pour 100 000 naissances vivantes en Ha\u00efti. Estimations conjointes OMS/UNFPA/UNICEF/Banque mondiale.", "ht": "M\u00f2 mat\u00e8n\u00e8l pou 100 000 nesans vivan nan Ayiti. Estimasyon konjwen OMS/UNFPA/UNICEF/Bank Mondyal." }, "filters": { "component": "BTSX", "measure": "VALUE", "source_id": "who_gho" }, "id": "trend", "name": { "en": "Maternal mortality ratio", "fr": "Taux de mortalit\u00e9 maternelle", "ht": "To motalite mat\u00e8n\u00e8l" } } ], "vintages": [ "2026-06-30" ] }